INSTRUCTIONS: Pick the guideline that you think is most important. Insert a comment next to it explaining why you think it is the most important guideline. Also, briefly discuss what can happen when students and instructors don’t follow this guideline. Finally, if there is anything you think is missing from the list, please share your thoughts.
GUIDELINES FOR A HEALTHY AND PRODUCTIVE CLASSROOM DISCUSSION
(Adapted from Brookfied and Preskill 2012)
Listen actively and attentively.
Ask for clarification.
Avoid interrupting one another.
Challenge one another – respectfully.
Critique ideas, not people.
Avoid offering opinions without evidence.
Avoid put-downs.
Take responsibility for the quality of the discussion.
Build on one another’s comments; work toward a shared understanding.
Always have your materials with you.
Give other people the opportunity to contribute.
Speak from your own experience.
If you are offended, let the class and/or instructor know.
Consider anything that is said in class confidential.
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This guideline I think is most important in creating a fair, healthy, and engaging environment in the classroom. If participating individuals do not follow this guideline, we will not gain a unified understanding of one another. Another issue is the disrespect of ignoring a person who is trying to share their experiences with you. That, I believe would create a less unified environment.
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Jacob, you make some great points about the importance of listening actively and attentively. As you point out, respecting others’ viewpoints and listening even when you don’t agree is so important. Doing this, as I am sure you know, is sometimes easier said than done. But we will look at how some important sociological tools can help us do this – even when it is hard!
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Online classes can become easily depersonalized as we view everyone through as an image on a screen rather than a 3 dimensional being. The best way to combat this is by engaging with your classmates and listening to what your instructors and peers have to say. This will be especially important in this class as we discuss social problems where opinions will vary. I am excited to learn more about how these opinions are shaped.
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Andie, I love how you connected this discussion guideline with learning in our virtual world. Screens do change quite a bit, however, I hope that by following these guidelines and opening ourselves to the possibilities we will indeed be able to create some of the energy and connections that come in in person classes. I keep thinking about our conversation in class on Thursday about the pros and cons of technology. If we are able to be involved as you suggest, we might just be able to use technology for good!
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Coming from a person who struggles with ADHD, this is the most important guideline for me. Personally, life can be challenging and without this skill I would be adding more to my plate by falling behind. Particularly for sociology, being an active listener would expand my understanding of ideas from my peers and instructor. On the other hand, not following this guideline would limit the knowledge that one could possess.
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Matthew, These are all great points. I know that for many students (and instructors!) listening actively and attentively in a virtual environment can be tough. Distance, Zoom fatigue, other distractions so close by, just general life stress from the pandemic,…etc. But I do hope we will be able to find a way to listen so that we can experience the benefits you mention!
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I think that asking for clarification is something that is often not seen as too important when having a class discussion, but I believe that if one does not ask for clarification, it can lead to other problems. For example, if someone during class is talking about something that may be controversial or something I disagree with, and the connection went off and I did not hear them properly, rather than assuming that they were saying something offensive or hurtful, I would simply ask for clarification then go from there. Miscommunication is a problem that can lead to so many other problems so it is best to avoid it.
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Alexandra, you make some great points about why it is important to ask for clarification and also some ways we can go about asking. As you suggest in your example of connections disappearing, this tool is probably even more important in an virtual environment.
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When people are interrupted, they generally do not fee respected. Relatable to the golden rule of treating other how you would want to be treated. You would not want to be interrupted so wait your turn. It facilitates better conversation and understand and less misunderstandings and built of frustration. If we were to violate this rule as a class, students would be annoyed, frustrated, have feelings of frustration and it leads us away from our goal of being an interactive classroom because eventually no one is going to talk if they feel like they are going to get interrupted.
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Alliah, These are great points, especially in an online class. Between mics being muted, how hard it is to read body language, lagging Internet, etc. all sorts of things can happen that might lead to people being cut off. Thanks for emphasizing the importance of not interrupting!
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This guideline is important because it is important to create an environment where people feel that they can share. If this is violated and someone is interrupted, it can be seen as disrespectful and can discourage someone from wanting to participate in the discussion later. This also allows for people to be able to make their entire point. If someone was to interrupt, the speaker may not be able to make their point or could have potentially answered the question. We are all here to learn and being able to have a safe environment to discuss topics is crucial to that. Also, when the instructor is interrupted, it prevents the rest of the students from being able to hear and possibly understand what the instructor is saying.
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Rosie, These are some great points about the importance of not interrupting one another. As I mentioned in a few other responses, not interrupting is particularly difficult AND particularly important in an online class. I hope we will find ways as a class to make space for others so that we can all benefit.
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This guideline reminds me of the idea that we need to “get comfortable with being uncomfortable.” Sociology often considers circumstances and events that shape the individual. When students share their own personal views, everyone in the conversation will be able to take something new from people who differ from them. The different sets of circumstances brought by students and the professor through discussion can cause discomfort both internally and interpersonally. If one opinion or viewpoint is constantly being shared, while those who disagree do not speak up, it will be harmful to both groups. The outspoken individuals will remain stagnant in their knowledge about a topic and not learn. Those who do not challenge despite their disagreement may harbor some feelings of judgement or criticism, rather than learning to see another person’s side. These risks are why it is important that discussions are respectful, so every person speaking and listening feels safe to share their thoughts during class.
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Fiona, you bring up such an important point about how no-one grows when we just listen to viewpoints that are the same as ours. We’ll be talking about this quite a bit in class. Sociologists have a tool called the “sociological imagination” that can help us overcome this temptation. I’m looking forward to hearing more of your thoughts about this during class.
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I think that this guideline is really important because being challenged is what allows you to grow as a person. Having an open mind and being willing to have your opinion challenged and questioned allows a person to grow. I think that this links back to Sociology, because being challenged can allow your opinion to shift or change for the better. At the beginning of the first class, you mentioned we have to get used to being uncomfortable. I think this guideline relates to that because with challenge comes discomfort, but you also will learn. Even if being challenged doesn’t change your mind on the matter, at least you’ve gained more knowledge about the opposing side and hopefully can have more compassion and understanding for an opinion different than your own. I agree with what Fiona said about if only one opinion is shared, and no one wants to challenge that opinion – it will not be beneficial for either ‘group’ of opinions.
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Brynn, nice job building off of Fiona’s post and tying your comment into what we discussed in class. I do hope that we all will be introduced to ideas and perspectives different than our own. I know that I learn something new every semester from the students in this class. We may not always change our minds, but good things can come from putting ourselves in other peoples’ shoes.
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I think that the most important tenet of the classroom guidelines is challenging each other but staying respectful in how we do it. This is especially important in a class like Sociology where many conversations can turn political and other people may have differing opinions than yourself which you have to respect. This classroom has to be able to be a space where others can share their opinions and contribute to conversations without fear of being ridiculed for their beliefs. If this isn’t followed, then some students may no longer participate in class discussions and thus their voice and viewpoint will not be heard which is harmful to everyone.
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Great points Jack. I’m hopeful that we can remain respectful and also find ways to convey to one another when we do feel like we aren’t being heard or respected. It can be a little trickier to do in an online environment but I think we will find our way!
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In todays day and age, I feel like there is always a disagreement to be had. I personally think that disagreements are good, and they can fuel a healthy conversation where both sides can learn something, so it is important that we challenge one another, as it will help us all learn and become better students. The respect aspect is super important here (especially in a virtual setting), because I have seen far too many instances where someone may say something with no ill intent, but it can come across rude and disrespectful, as tone and intentions can sometimes get lost across the screen. Because of this, it is key that we go the extra mile to ensure that we are always maintaining a sense of respect for ourselves and each other
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Jada, This is a great way to think about challenging one another. Good things can definitely come from asking hard questions, providing different (and sometimes unpopular!) points of view.
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The ability to have a productive, fact based discussion is crucial to learning and growth of any kind. If you truly have a well thought-out opinion or belief, it will be evident from the ideas you present. Attacking people rather than ideas is an ad hominem argument, which is a logical fallacy. If we, as students or instructors, resorted to ad hominem attacks, we would be exposing our inability to prove our ideas and displaying a lack of understanding of the subject. Not are these attacks intellectually dishonest, but they also have the potential to hurt those with whom we are interacting. We should be respectful of each other in every possible way.
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Oooh! A fun and insightful term to introduce to this conversation Rileigh. Your comments make me think about what we talked in class on Thursday – this idea that our failure to see others’ perspectives might make us more polarized. One might also say that our tendency to attack people and not ideas could lead to polarization. What do you think?
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I strongly agree!! Attacking people rather than their ideas is a way to quickly create unnecessary contention. If people from two opposing groups are having a conversation and one resorts to name calling/personal attacks, it would be very easy for the other person to then have an even worse (more polarized) view of the “other side”
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I believe this guideline is most important because it can make the difference between a healthy or hostile conversation. I have noticed that this guideline is often overlooked and that students forget this when choosing their words. So many times, breaking this guideline is unintentional which makes it even more important to always keep it in mind. Students must understand that everyone thinks differently and you never know what is going on in someone else’s head. If we go against this rule, we are taking away from the conversation and causing a contributing member to possibly feel lesser or unimportant. This can also lead to students coming after one another and completely ignoring what the discussion was about. When you critique a person and not what they said, you take their opportunity to learn and understand away from them. If everyone is able to be kind to one another and only comment on people’s ideas to help benefit them, then this guideline should not be hard to follow. This is something that as humans we should keep in mind during all conversations so that we can be respectful towards one another and accurately understand people’s thoughts and opinions.
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Sophie, these are great points. It can definitely be challenging when topics are important to us or have personal meaning. I am hopeful that we will do our best to focus on ideas and not people and that when we start to veer off path, we can gently remind ourselves of this important discussion guideline.
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First off, I mean naïve in the least negative way possible. At this point, it is almost a facet of human nature. But most people nowadays often take things they hear at face value. “I saw it on the internet so it must be true.” No. Humans need to start taking EVERYTHING they hear with a grain of salt, even when presented proper evidence. I genuinely feel like that is the biggest shortcoming of our society right now. This is exactly why I believe this is the most important guideline. Not only does it help convince people to accept your argument as truth, but it also shows that YOU have actual reason behind the things you believe. America is extremely polarized right now (or at least it would seem that way online) and the last thing we need is people making baseless claims. Proper evidence is a necessity at this point, which is why I would put this far above any other guideline, sans active listening which just nearly goes hand in hand with this one.
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Cade, I really like how your points tie in with our conversation in class last week. Society does seem to be a bit more polarized these days and making sure we have accurate evidence to support our claims might indeed help alleviate some of this polarization. Also, I think you raise an important point about how finding facts can actually help us not only make our own arguments stronger, but also help us examine whether there is actually any evidence to support some of the beliefs and ideas we have. We’ll be talking about these types of things more in the next few weeks and I look forward to hearing more of your thoughts on this topic.
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When we’re in a group discussion and trying to share our opinions, we have to be able to realize we’re not trying to argue. It’s meant to be productive and either come to a consensus or learn something about other views at least. There’s no reason to attack other people or create conflict because that benefits no one involved. In terms of new rules, I think the ones listed would be sufficient.
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Alex, you make some great points about how important it is to go into discussions with good intentions – focusing on learning something new or moving the conversation forward in some way.
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A person can only know a certain amount of data. Developing a mutual relation between your colleagues is crucial towards the development of a healthy working relationship. I believe that giving one’s opinion on a given subject is okay, but every individual MUST provide others the opportunity to display their thoughts and emotions as well. This includes actively listening, understanding other’s opinions whether you agree or disagree with them over the topic is irrelevant, but the fact that you respect them, and their opinions are key. This leads to them being an active part of the project, conversation, problem, etc. We as individuals are in no position to dictate who deserves an opportunity or not. It is everybody’s right to have their thoughts to be heard and understood. This guideline is not only important in a classroom setting but also outside in the real world.
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Yash, great point about how listening to others is key not just in class but in the “real world.” I do hope that we will practice having tough conversations that will guide us in having more productive conversations outside of class. I see our class as an opportunity to practice and exercise these important muscles!
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Overtime, I have realized that people love to talk about themselves and the majority of the time it is about their first-hand experiences of a particular event. These events, in turn, will always shape a person’s life or personality. Personally, I have travelled quite a lot and bring these perspectives into my discussions. However, if someone in the discussion has not travelled as much as I, then they will have a different outlook on a certain topic. If students and teachers do not follow this specific guideline when in discussions, then I strongly believe that the discussion will become lackluster and will have a extremely narrow viewpoint.
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Chloe, I had never really thought about this discussion point in this way – thanks so much for sharing your thoughts. I love how your thoughts point to the value in everyone’s perspectives and how together they can make for a much richer conversation.
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When talking about a new topic of discussion sometimes things can get a little fuzzy and the whole topic can be misunderstood. However, if someone has a personal experience that is tying them to the topic it can be easier for them to understand it and relate to it. When someone else speaks from experience it may trigger another persons personal experience and allow them to better relate to the topic. It also allows the class to see the different outlooks people have on topics since not everyone shares the same experience. If this guideline is not followed the discussions may not be as interesting as they possibly can be and some topics may be misunderstood throughout the whole class. Sociological questions have such potential for good discussions if people can relate and see other viewpoints.
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Macy, what a great point about tying topics to personal memories! After all, our goal is to figure out how we can use sociology in our everyday lives – tying in personal memories sounds like the perfect thing to do!
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I think it is a very effective way to combine your own personal experience into the discussion, which can save a lot of unnecessary trouble, and also make your point of view more rich and vivid. For you personally, describing your own experiences will be more convincing, and the narrator himself will become particularly confident. For the listener, listening to a real-life event is more compelling, and you can also relate to the narrator’s emotions.
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Yuchen, I really like your point about how listening to people’s personal life experiences is far more interesting than something that doesn’t have meaning. As you say, these stories appeal to our emotions which make us more likely to listen and be engaged.
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I think that this guideline is most important for this class because it is a course that is based around social issues. These issues when discussed tend to become very polar and sometimes cause harm to one or all of the parties participating. However, if you don’t articulate your negative feelings towards the situation there can be no resolution to the problem. If you do not follow this guideline, those negative feelings can fester and lead to future altercations if not addressed. You can’t expect others to be able to avoid certain triggers or to resolve the issue without telling them you were hurt about what was said. For others to respect the boundaries you have, you have to communicate those boundaries in the first place.
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Auri, thanks so much for your great comments. You bring up some excellent points about what happens when students and instructors don’t follow this guideline. I think this may be even more the case in virtual classes where it is harder to pick up on people’s body language and other cues. And, for what it is worth, I find that this is often the one item on the list that folks have the hardest time following through on. I hope we’ll be able to create a safe space this semester that allows people to feel comfortable sharing when something bothers or offends them.
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Hello Auri, you made some spot on points. I agree with you that people should express how they feel. No one can tell if you are offended if you do not speak up and its is harder to pick up on body language through zoom so it is more important for you to speak up.
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