Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations, References, and Appendices. "A study of the relationship between Interpersonal Choices and Performance Task achievement in an International School in South-east Asia"

Author: Daryl Thompson

Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations

The study has shown that there is an urgent need for education to adapt to the ever changing needs of the student. Employers today value problem solving skills more than they value the grades from an archaic system of education. There is a need for schools to report student progress on the defined competencies a student must demonstrate in a particular school level and subject area. This will reduce unnecessary competitiveness amongst each other and promote a need to progress from within.

There is a need to connect the required skills with the required assessments in order to produce the required individual. This shift will result in the increase of engagement within students who demand more from education today. The study has shown that this required transformation must include the implementation of cognitive learning to the curriculum. This enables students to use their thinking skills to solve problems in authentic real world situations which equates to what the employers of today are pleading for. The research has shown that the introduction of cognitive dispositions such as the Habits of Mind and Interpersonal Learning can improve student achievement in these tasks and therefore should be implemented into the curriculum. However, this also requires a change in policy, curriculum, content and assessment methods to make learning relevant, effective, engaging and to align with employment needs. If the one-size-fits-all was meant to power the industrial age with a largely static body of knowledge, personalized learning with its focus on the learner as a unique individual, with existing skills, interests, abilities and distinct needs that shape personalized pathways is highly suited for the knowledge age that will require navigating through a sea of rapidly evolving information and content, and the need to acquire new skills quickly, as part of a lifelong learning journey.

It is evident that there are different perspectives on definition, implementation and how personalization affects student achievement. . As implementation spreads, the research base that appraises these approaches needs to mature and change. This paper has argued that personalization will only be successful when it is implemented within a framework and philosophy which gives students the opportunities for voice, choice and control. If institutions drive personalization through solely teacher generated resources and pedagogy the students will not be able to develop the cognitive thinking skills required to become successful problem solvers.

In regards to student achievement, the research outlined in this paper supports and furthers the recent literature on the importance of epistemic cognition, and also points towards necessary areas of further research. The research calls for further studies to understand the full potential and effectiveness of Interpersonal learning strategies (Gross & DeArmond, 2018). More longitudinal data are needed to see what the results of student achievement are with Interpersonal learning (Pane et al., 2015). The data analysis from this study will help determine whether the integration of digital content, the increased emphasis on student decision making, data-driven instructional practices, and timely feedback to support student learning are effective strategies in increasing student achievement.

In terms of curriculum planning, there is now a requirement for Interpersonal learning elements to be embedded within the desired results stage of the UBD framework. It is also important to make these goals topical and relatable to the unit of study. This work has already begun by translating the school-wide learner outcomes, to unit transfer goals, overarching Essential questions to topical essential questions and Habits of Mind to Dimensions of Growth. The next stage is to make the Interpersonal elements topical to the unit of study. After this the elements need to be mapped to determine gaps, commonalities and redundancies.

The study has shown that there is an urgent need for education to adapt to the ever changing needs of the student. Employers today value problem solving skills more than they value the grades from an archaic system of education. There is a need for schools to report student progress on the defined competencies a student must demonstrate in a particular school level and subject area. This will reduce unnecessary competitiveness amongst each other and promote a need to progress from within.

There is a need to connect the required skills with the required assessments in order to produce the required individual. This shift will result in the increase of engagement within students who demand more from education today. The study has shown that this required transformation must include the implementation of cognitive learning to the curriculum. This enables students to use their thinking skills to solve problems in authentic real world situations which equates to what the employers of today are pleading for. The research has shown that the introduction of cognitive dispositions such as the Habits of Mind and Interpersonal Learning can improve student achievement in these tasks and therefore should be implemented into the curriculum. However, this also requires a change in policy, curriculum, content and assessment methods to make learning relevant, effective, engaging and to align with employment needs. If the one-size-fits-all was meant to power the industrial age with a largely static body of knowledge, personalized learning with its focus on the learner as a unique individual, with existing skills, interests, abilities and distinct needs that shape personalized pathways is highly suited for the knowledge age that will require navigating through a sea of rapidly evolving information and content, and the need to acquire new skills quickly, as part of a lifelong learning journey.

It is evident that there are different perspectives on definition, implementation and how personalization affects student achievement. . As implementation spreads, the research base that appraises these approaches needs to mature and change. This paper has argued that personalization will only be successful when it is implemented within a framework and philosophy which gives students the opportunities for voice, choice and control. If institutions drive personalization through solely teacher generated resources and pedagogy the students will not be able to develop the cognitive thinking skills required to become successful problem solvers.

In regards to student achievement, the research outlined in this paper supports and furthers the recent literature on the importance of epistemic cognition, and also points towards necessary areas of further research. The research calls for further studies to understand the full potential and effectiveness of Interpersonal learning strategies (Gross & DeArmond, 2018). More longitudinal data are needed to see what the results of student achievement are with Interpersonal learning (Pane et al., 2015). The data analysis from this study will help determine whether the integration of digital content, the increased emphasis on student decision making, data-driven instructional practices, and timely feedback to support student learning are effective strategies in increasing student achievement.

In terms of curriculum planning, there is now a requirement for Interpersonal learning elements to be embedded within the desired results stage of the UBD framework. It is also important to make these goals topical and relatable to the unit of study. This work has already begun by translating the schoolwide learner outcomes, to unit transfer goals, overarching Essential questions to topical essential questions and Habits of Mind to Dimensions of Growth. The next stage is to make the Interpersonal elements topical to the unit of study. After this the elements need to be mapped to determine gaps, commonalities and redundancies.

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