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“We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God,” by Howard Zinn (1997)

Author: Howard Zinn

Zinn, Howard. “U.S. Mexico War: ‘We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God.’” Zinn Education Project, www.zinnedproject.org/materials/us-mexico-war-tea-party/.


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Colonel Ethan Alien Hitchcock, a professional soldier, graduate of the Military Academy, commander of the 3rd Infantry Regiment, a reader of Shakespeare, Chaucer, Hegel, Spinoza, wrote in his diary:

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Fort Jesup, La., June 30, 1845. Orders came last evening by express from Washington City directing General Taylor to move without any delay to some point on the coast near the Sabine or elsewhere, and as soon as he shall hear of the acceptance by the Texas convention of the annexation resolutions of our Congress he is immediately to proceed with his whole command to the extreme western border of Texas and take up a position on the banks of or near the Rio Grande, and he is to expel any armed force of Mexicans who may cross that river. Bliss read the orders to me fast evening hastily at tattoo. I have scarcely slept a wink, thinking of the needful preparations. I am now noting at reveille by candlelight and waiting the signal for muster.. . . Violence leads to violence, and if this movement of ours does not lead to others and to bloodshed, I am much mistaken.

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Jan 27
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 27 2021 7:51PM) : I agree with the part that says "Violence leads to violence." This is seen throughout history that no matter what battles always lead to destruction and death.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:20PM) : I also agree that violence leads to violence
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:12AM) : A lot of bloodsheds happened during the war.
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Jan 28
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Jan 28 2021 1:39PM) : In the battle, Colonel Ethan Alien Hitchcock had to make sure that no Mexican would cross the river for an assault. He had no idea whether or not what they were doing was correct.
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Jan 28
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Jan 28 2021 1:39PM) : He was not even able to sleep because he felt that there would soon be violence.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:45PM) : the war was brutal and lots of blood was lost during this war
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 5:49AM) : Where did he keep this diary and was it everything that he wrote in it true because if so its possible that if this ended up in enemy hands then they could use this info against the US?
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 2:17PM) : I agree that violence leads to violence and it will be an ongoing cycle.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:04PM) : the Louisiana purchase made the u.s to expand their land
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:21PM) : When they purchased Louisiana , it made the US expand
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 9:12PM) : I am surprised to learn that the US kept wanting to expand even though they already had so much.

Hitchcock was not mistaken. Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase had doubled the territory of the United States, extending it to the Rocky Mountains. To the southwest was Mexico, which had won its independence in a revolutionary war against Spain in 1821-a large country which included Texas and what are now New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, California, and part of Colorado. After agitation, and aid from the United States, Texas broke off from Mexico in 1836 and declared itself the “Lone Star Republic.” In 1845, the U.S. Congress brought it into the Union as a state.

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Jan 27
Emily V Emily V (Jan 27 2021 5:11PM) : The Louisiana purchase where Texas broke off from Mexico, also doubled the size of the U.S. this was when Mexico was able to gain its independence.
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Jan 27
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 27 2021 8:05PM) : Why did the Americans feel the need to keep expanding? Is this for powerful?
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:19AM) : I am surprised that Jefferson bought land that expanded all that way to the Rocky mountains.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:11PM) : I'm confused as to why Texas broke off from Mexico?
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 1:39PM) : Mexico had won its independence in a revolutionary war against Spain in 1821.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:22PM) : Why did they feel the need to keep expanding.
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Jan 27
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Jan 27 2021 5:59PM) : Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase had jeferson doubled the territory of the United States, extending it to the Rocky Mountains,Mexico had a big portion of land until the u.s conquered it and became known as New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, California, and
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 10:37PM) : I was surprised to learn that Texas was a part of Mexico.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 5:55AM) : What were the main reasons for Texas leaving Mexico and how voluntarily was their leave if it was and if it was then why do people say that it was taken?
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:23PM) : I knew that Texas, California, Arizona were part of Mexico
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In the White House now was James Polk, a Democrat, an expansionist, who, on the night of his inauguration, confided to his Secretary of the Navy that one of his main objectives was the acquisition of California. His order to General Taylor to move troops to the Rio Grande was a challenge to the Mexicans. It was not at all clear that the Rio Grande was the southern boundary of Texas, although Texas had forced the defeated Mexican general Santa Anna to say so when he was a prisoner. The traditional border between Texas and Mexico had been the Nueces River, about 150 miles to the north, and both Mexico and the United States had recognized that as the border. However, Polk, encouraging the Texans to accept annexation, had assured them he would uphold their claims to the Rio Grande.

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:32AM) : I am surprised to learn that Texas forced the defeat of the Mexican general because he was held captive. It's surprising because he was forced to step down.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:42PM) : Polk wants to challenege the Mexicans in the Rio to cross and Polk texasns to keep their land
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 1:42PM) : One of James Polk's main objectives was the acquisition of California.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:07PM) : Polk main focus was to conquer California, he challenged the Mexicans in the Rio to cross and Polk would keep their land
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 1:59PM) : I see that General Taylor wanted to move troops to the Rio Grande. There was a traditional border of 150 miles between Texas and Mexico called the Nueces River.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:24PM) : Polk main focus was to take over California
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 9:17PM) : I don't understand why Polk wanted to move the borders to the Rio Grande and not let the Mexicans have their border at Nueces River even though they had so much
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Ordering troops to the Rio Grande, into territory inhabited by Mexicans, was clearly a provocation. Taylor’s army marched in parallel columns across the open prairie, scouts far ahead and on the flanks, a train of supplies following. Then, along a narrow road, through a belt of thick chaparral, they arrived, March 28, 1846, in cultivated fields and thatched-roof huts hurriedly abandoned by the Mexican occupants, who had fled across the river to the city of Matamoros. Taylor set up camp, began construction of a fort, and implanted his cannons facing the white houses of Matamoros, whose inhabitants stared curiously at the sight of an army on the banks of a quiet river.

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Jan 27
Emily V Emily V (Jan 27 2021 5:16PM) : Kames Polk was challenging the Mexicans at the Rio Grande to see if they would cross. Polk also encouraged Texans to keep their territory.
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Jan 27
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Jan 27 2021 6:02PM) : Kames Polk wanted to challenge the Mexicans at the Rio Grande to see if they would cross and Polk was also telling the Texans to keep their land [Edited]
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Jan 27
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 27 2021 9:03PM) : Why was Polk obsessed with expansion? Polk was constantly trying to provoke the Mexicans to have fights to steal what they have.
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:41AM) : I am shocked that the Mexicans abandoned the people because they just left them like nothing.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:43PM) : Polk wanted to challegnge the Mexicans in the Rio Grande
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:16PM) : Im sure it was quite noticeable when Taylors army brought all this equipment and especially the bombs in front of the white houses of Matamoros.
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 2:04PM) : Polk was challenging the Mexicans at the Rio Grande to see if they would cross.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:07PM) : Mexicans left without thinking it twice. I'm surprised they didn't even stay and fought for their lands. I wonder why they just left without at least try to protect what is theirs.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:25PM) : Why was he obsessed with the expansion
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:03AM) : how did the Mexicans on the other side of these cannons feel, did they recognize that cannons were being aimed at them?
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:26PM) : How did people feel that were in Mexico

‘Our Manifest Destiny’

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The Washington Union, a newspaper expressing the position of President Polk and the Democratic party, had spoken early in 1845 on the meaning of Texas annexation:

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Let the great measure of annexation be accomplished, and with it the questions of boundary and claims. For who can arrest the torrent that will pour onward to the West? The road to California will be open to us. Who will stay the march of our western people?

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Jan 27
Estefania H Estefania H (Jan 27 2021 1:35PM) : President Polk and the Democratic already have the idea that California is all theirs and no one is going to stop them. They will claim the land and push their boundary more forward into Mexico's territory.
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Jan 27
Fabian L Fabian L (Jan 27 2021 4:15PM) : Polk has the mindset of having california and they will fight for the land till they have it.
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Jan 27
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Jan 27 2021 6:06PM) : Polk wouldn't stop until they conquer all of California
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 1:35PM) : What did Polk have against the Mexicans? Also, Polk words this as he is ready to start the annexation and is eager to take California.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:44PM) : Polk wount stop until Cali is conquered
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:20PM) : Polk was very eager to claim California and was making it a very big deal by putting it in newspapers and making it a big deal.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:10AM) : What were his intentions for expanding US soil as far as California, what had him so intrigued?
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 2:08PM) : Polk wasn't going to stop until he conquered California.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:08PM) : Polk was willing to do anything to conquer California
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:10PM) : Polk had the desire to have Cali so he went for it completely and no he has it, and he´s not going to let anyone try to take it away from him.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:27PM) : He wouldn’t stop until he conquered California
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It was shortly after that, in the summer of 1845, that John O’Sullivan, editor of the Democratic Review, used the phrase that became famous, saying it was “Our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.” Yes, manifest destiny.

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:52AM) : I am surprised that Johny became famous for manifest destiny.
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 1:40PM) : I learned about the Manifest Destiny in my APUSH class and this was used to obtain land from other. This allowed Americans to gain what they wanted.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:12AM) : What exactly was manifest destiny and why did they follow it let it guide them like puppets?
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:10PM) : I'm not surprised Mexico fought back
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:15PM) : I see that Jhon OSullivan was famous for manifest destiny and they all follow each letter. I don´t know really about manifest destiny but I would like to read about it.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:27PM) : Did Mexico fight back ?
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All that was needed in the spring of 1846 was a military incident to begin the war that Polk wanted. It came in April, when General Taylor’s quartermaster, Colonel Cross, while riding up the Rio Grande, disappeared. His body was found eleven days later, his skull smashed by a heavy blow. It was assumed he had been killed by Mexican guerrillas crossing the river.

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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:24AM) : The incident with General Taylor's was necessary step that U.S needed to begin with the war.
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:56AM) : I don´t understand why they killed him like what did they gained out of it for killing him.
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Jan 28
Estefania H Estefania H (Jan 28 2021 1:33PM) : The war started because a General Taylor's quartermaster was found dead in Rio Grande. He was found with his skull smashed in and the American's believed that it was a Mexican that was crossing the river. Polk used it to start the war he has been wanting.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:46PM) : What was the point of killing the guy
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 10:00PM) : I'm surprised to learn that the war had started because a friend of Polk died and they just Mexicans had something to do with it.
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 1:46PM) : The war started after Colonel Cross was found dead with his skull smashed by a heavy blow.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:13PM) : they wanted to go to war once they found General Taylor's quartermaster dead in the Rio Grande.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:17PM) : The war started because Polk's friend was found dead and I don't get why he had to be killed.
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The next day (April 25), a patrol of Taylor’s soldiers was surrounded and attacked by Mexicans, and wiped out: sixteen dead, others wounded, the rest captured. Taylor sent a dispatch to Polk: “Hostilities may now be considered as commenced.”

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 12:57AM) : I am not surprised that they got attacked from Mexico because they started it first with them.
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 1:43PM) : This is shocking in a sense as the Mexicans were the first to attack. This meaning that the Americans would start to attack to.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:26PM) : I mean what was taylor expecting, for the Mexicans to just lay low and just let them take their country. In my opinion the Mexicans were doing it in self defense, not only to keep their country but to keep the rest of the people safe.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:19PM) : Mexico was defending their country and their people that way they will show them that they won´t just be sitting and watching how their country gets destroyed. Big No, they will protect what is theirs!
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:22PM) : I’m not surprised they got attacked
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 10:44PM) : I'm surprised that so many bad things happen and all because of the US now there own people are dying.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:26AM) : Mexicans was defending their nation a prove of this was that Taylor's soldiers that was killed by Mexican guerrillas.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:15AM) : What does he mean by “Hostilities may now be considered as commenced.”?
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:31PM) : Yeah what does he mean by that

The Mexicans had fired the first shot. But they had done what the American government wanted, according to Colonel Hitchcock, who wrote in his diary, even before those first incidents:

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Jan 27
Emily V Emily V (Jan 27 2021 5:23PM) : something I learned was that since the news spread, James Polk wanted to provide more for their territory but was later found dead. Many of the ones that found him thought a Mexican soldier did it so they attacked Mexican soldiers.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:39AM) : I'm agree with you becuase Mexican soldiers was attacked.
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Jan 27
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Jan 27 2021 6:20PM) : James Polk wanted to conquer more land but was found dead. the ones that found him believed that a Mexican soldier killed him so they attacked Mexican soldiers
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:03AM) : I am not surprised to learn that the Mexicans shot back first and the Americans wanted them to do that exactly.
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Jan 28
Estefania H Estefania H (Jan 28 2021 1:37PM) : In April 25, Mexicans attacked Taylor's soldiers which was something that the United States government wanted. They wanted the Mexicans to start the war and attacks to get the lands that they (Americans) have been craving, Hitchcock stated in his diary.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:47PM) : Polk wanted to support fror more territory but then found dead
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 2:01PM) : Mexicans attacked Taylor'soldiers which is what the United States government wanted.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:22PM) : They thought it was a Mexican soldier who killed Polk friend so that´s why they started to have an issue with Mexican soldiers.
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May 27
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (May 27 2021 2:32PM) : The. Mexican soldiers attacked Polk
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 10:50PM) : I am surprised that Mexico started. I wonder why didn't US start it if they really wanted to go to war.

I have said from the first that the United States are the aggressors. . . . We have not one particle of right to be here. … It looks as if the government sent a small force on purpose to bring on a war, so as to have a pretext for taking California and as much of this country as it chooses, for, whatever becomes of this army, there is no doubt of a war between the United States and Mexico. . .. My heart is not in this business … but, as a military man, I am bound to execute orders.

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:05AM) : I am not surprised that Mexico and U.S. fought in the war for land because that's how the U.S. likes to be.
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 1:44PM) : This is interesting as because the Mexicans fired the first shot this started a war with the Americans. Then again this is what the Americans had wanted all along.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:32PM) : I was taken back when some of the us solders were very much against the war but was still forced to do what was told.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:21AM) : The US technically took the first step in action for a war between them and Mexico by pushing them the way they were.
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 2:21PM) : The US provoked the war in order to get Mexico to initiate it for them to justify their actions.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:24PM) : The Mexican started the war because they had to protect their country and their people so Americans wouldn't pass their space and take away what is not theirs.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:23PM) : The US provoked it.
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Jan 27
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Jan 27 2021 6:27PM) : Mexican soldiers killed 16 u.s soldiers and wounded many others.the Mexicans had fired the first shot of declaring war
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:42AM) : I am agree with you because Mexico fired the first shot by killing the 16 U.S soldiers.
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 10:54PM) : I am surprised that the US forces didn't even feel the war was not right.
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 11:03PM) : I'm surprised that even the US own people even knew what they were doing was wrong. [Edited]

On May 9, before news of any battles, Polk was suggesting to his cabinet a declaration of war, based on certain money claims against Mexico, and on Mexico’s recent rejection of an American negotiator named John Slidell. Polk recorded in his diary what he said to the cabinet meeting:

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:07AM) : I am not surprised that Mexico rejected the U.S. because of how the U.S. can get aggressive for things.
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Jan 28
Estefania H Estefania H (Jan 28 2021 1:43PM) : Hitchcock didn't want to fight in a war that wasn't far, but he has to follow the orders that the military gives him. Before any battle was declared, Polk was already suggesting his cabinet to declare a war for little reasons.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:48PM) : I think mexico couldve resolved things but instead rejected them
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:28PM) : I believe that if the USA would´ve not been causing many problems in getting more lands to expand their power all this war wouldn't even happen.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:24PM) : I’m not surprised that Mexico rejected the US
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:43AM) : At my point of view Mexico was not smart by rejecting the negotiation and resolve the war with peace.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:24AM) : What were they going to negotiate and what money claims.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:25PM) : What are they going to negotiate
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I stated … that up to this time, as we knew, we had heard of no open act of aggression by the Mexican army, but that the danger was imminent that such acts would be committed. I said that in my opinion we had ample cause of war, and that it was impossible . . . that I could remain silent much longer .. . that the country was excited and impatient on the subject.. . .

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:10AM) : Americans decided to declare war with Mexico because they got attacked by them.
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 6:36PM) : Here Polk says that it was necessary for them to go into battle because the Mexicans left them with no choice. It's crazy to see that Polk wanted this to happen from the start so they could start fighting.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:36PM) : It gets me upset in a way because the way Polk was handling this situation and how careless he could be.
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 3:37PM) : I was not surprised that there was no aggression by the Mexican army and that the U.S. was the cause of the war.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:16PM) : It makes me so angry to learn that Polk didn't care about Mexico or his own people because.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:29PM) : Americans also attacked Mexicans they wouldn't stand there, I see that both were protecting and fighting back.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:47AM) : Mexican army was aggressive and was ready to defend their nation.
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The country was not “excited and impatient.” But the President was. When the dispatches arrived from General Taylor telling of casualties from the Mexican attack, Polk summoned the cabinet to hear the news, and they unanimously agreed he should ask for a declaration of war. Polk’s message to Congress was indignant:

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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 12:58AM) : Due to the casualties suffered for the United States by Mexico, polk summoned the cabinet to hear the news, the US was united.
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:11AM) : The Americans started a meeting on the subject of going to war with Mexico.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:49PM) : many suffered for the US by mexico
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Jan 28
Estefania H Estefania H (Jan 28 2021 1:50PM) : Polk was the only one that was inpatient and excited of a war that he was wanting between the United States and Mexico. Right when he heard about Mexico attacking, he ran and gathered the cabinet to declare war.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:27AM) : Who is Howard Zinn to say some of these things, where is his credibility in this, who is Howard Zinn?
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 2:10PM) : After hearing the casualties from the Mexican attack, Polk summoned the cabinet to hear the news.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:30PM) : Many people suffered and died in the war caused by Mexicans and Americans.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:26PM) : The Americans had a meeting and decided to go to war with Mexico
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Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States, has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon the American soil…

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Jan 27
Emily V Emily V (Jan 27 2021 5:26PM) : I learned that after the killing of James Polk there was a declaration of war towards Mexico because they assumed that they were the ones that killed Polk. There was a feud.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 1:05AM) : I'm agree with you the dead of polk's was the declaration of war
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:13AM) : I agree that going to wat with Mexicans for what they've done.
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 6:45PM) : So many people of america did not agree with the idea of the war but after the death of Polk they had to do something. This is was the start of a war between the Americans and Mexicans. [Edited]
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 11:18PM) : It makes me so angry because they are blaming everything on Mexico but the United States started a lot and even their own people didn't agree with the war.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 4:39PM) : I agree completely with everyone blaming Mexico and how unfair this war was.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 6:31AM) : So Polk used propaganda to create support in his actions of talking California as he did not tell the full story for there to be understanding in why Mexico did what they did.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:34PM) : Makes me furious that they're blaming everything on Mexico and that they started the war. I believe that Americans started because they're the cause that the war started, they wanted the land of Mexico so to get it they provoke them.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:27PM) : Many people didn’t agree with the idea of war
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Congress then rushed to approve the war message. Schroeder comments: “The disciplined Democratic majority in the House responded with alacrity and high-handed efficiency to Polk’s May 11 war recommendations.” The bundles of official documents accompanying the war message, supposed to be evidence for Polk’s statement, were not examined, but were tabled immediately by the House. Debate on the bill providing volunteers and money for the war was limited to two hours, and most of this was used up reading selected portions of the tabled documents, so that barely a half-hour was left for discussion of the issues.

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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 1:11AM) : Polk's received the sufficient evidence then polk's provided money for the war.
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 1:14AM) : They´ve been discussing the issue of war with Mexico and how they will be managing it.
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Jan 28
Juan V Juan V (Jan 28 2021 1:49PM) : Issue during war and how they worked it out
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:18PM) : they were discussing problems going on with the war and how they can solve the issue
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 2:36PM) : Mexicans and Americans discussing it
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The Whig party also wanted California, but preferred to do it without war. Nevertheless, they would not deny men and money and so joined Democrats in voting overwhelmingly for the war resolution, 174 to 14. In the Senate, there was debate, but it was limited to one day, and “the tactics of stampede were there repeated,” according to historian Frederick Merk. The war measure passed, 40 to 2, Whigs joining Democrats. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts, who originally voted with “the stubborn 14,” later voted for war appropriations.

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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 2:22AM) : I am not surprised that they are taking votes on whether to go to war with Mexico or not.
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Jan 28
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 28 2021 8:29PM) : It interesting that the Whig party was not interested in getting California without the war. Why did they feel like this?
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 5:44PM) : In my opinion it was very childish for the ¨Whig party¨ to have a VOTE to decide to go to war with Mexico, like don't you think they've had enough.
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Feb 10
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 10 2021 3:06PM) : Whig party also wanted California but they wanted to do it without war.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 3:37PM) : I believe that the Americans and Mexicans should go to war so they could show the Americans they will do anything for their lands, they won´t give up on the home lands.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:27PM) : They wanted to show up the Americans
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Abraham Lincoln of Illinois was not yet in Congress when the war began, but after his election in 1846 he had occasion to vote and speak on the war. His “spot resolutions” became famous-he challenged Polk to specify the exact spot where American blood was shed “on the American soil.” But he would not try to end the war by stopping funds for men and supplies. Speaking in the House on July 27, 1848, in support of the candidacy of General Zachary Taylor for President, he said:

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Jan 27
Emily V Emily V (Jan 27 2021 6:33PM) : Due to Polk's demands they wanted to raise a bill for volunteers and money; to support the military. this was an ongoing debate but Lincoln stepped in questioning his actions.
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 2:25AM) : I am surprised that Lincoln game his vote and speak about the war with Mexico and America which he becomes famous for.
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Jan 29
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 29 2021 12:27AM) : I am surprised to learn that Abraham Lincoln was against the war and did not agree.
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 3:23PM) : Abraham Lincoln knew that what they were doing was unfair.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 3:20PM) : it surprised me that lincoln was against the war and felt what was going on was injustice
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Feb 10
Juan V Juan V (Feb 10 2021 2:39PM) : Lincoln knew what was happening was wrong
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 3:41PM) : I am also surprised that Lincoln didn't agree about the war.
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If to say “the war was unnecessarily and unconstitutionally commenced by the President” be opposing the war, then the Whigs have very generally opposed it. … The marching an army into the midst of a peaceful Mexican settlement, frightening the inhabitants away, leaving their growing crops and other property to destruction, to you may appear a perfectly amiable, peaceful, unprovoking procedure; but it does not appear so to us. . .. But if, when the war had begun, and had become the cause of the country, the giving-of our money and our blood, in common with yours, was support of the war, then it is not true that we have always opposed the war. With few individual exceptions, you have constantly had our votes here for all the necessary supplies. …

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Jan 27
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 27 2021 11:53PM) : It is interesting that they opposed the idea of attacking the Mexican settlement, but once the war started they supported it.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 2:24AM) : Is interesting to know that there were oppositions.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 5:48PM) : Its very pleasing to know that at least one person out of all these men was trying to do the right thing and have peace between the two.
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Jan 31
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Jan 31 2021 4:40AM) : It's interesting to see how Abraham Lincoln was against the war between America and Mexico. As well as the Whig party opposed it but why would they go through with it?
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Feb 1
Natalia N Natalia N (Feb 01 2021 2:48PM) : Often times, once a war is declared it is considered unpatriotic to not agree with the funds the military needs for the war.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 7:43AM) : Who exactly is he speaking to and what does he mean by "us"?
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 4:47PM) : It's sad how the inhabitants were forced to leave their crops and property to destruction.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 3:43PM) : It´s a sad situation that they had to leave their lands and go somewhere else there not comfortable with.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:29PM) : It’s sad how they had to leave their lands and go somewhere were they aren’t comfortable
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Jan 27
Aileen Q Aileen Q (Jan 27 2021 8:51PM) : I'm surprised to know that a U.S. candidate running for President was defending Mexico.
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A handful of antislavery Congressmen voted against all war measures, seeing the Mexican campaign as a means of extending the southern slave territory. One of these was Joshua Giddings of Ohio, a fiery speaker, physically powerful, who called it “an aggressive, unholy, and unjust war.”

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 6:00AM) : The antislavery Congressmen had already known the U.S. just wanted more land for slaves, which is why some people from the U.S. actually did want the war.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 8:26AM) : why congress wanted more land for slaves?
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 8:28AM) : Slave territory had expanded and this guy named Jousha from Ohio that it was useless to go to war with Mexico.
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Feb 10
Juan V Juan V (Feb 10 2021 8:41PM) : slavery area was bigger also a guy said it was uselesss to go to war with mexico
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 9:44PM) : A man named Joshua was useless to go to war with Mexico
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Jan 29
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 29 2021 6:32AM) : It makes me mad that they voted against the war but wanted to extend the slave territory.
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Jan 29
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 29 2021 12:37AM) : I agree that the United States had something to start the war because they really wanted to war but they just didn't want to start it.
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Jan 29
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 29 2021 12:38AM) : They just so many things that the United States wanted from Mexico.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 5:51PM) : Its good to know that more and more people were speaking out on the US actions and intentions.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 7:45AM) : Joshua Giddings was spot on with his assumptions.
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Feb 16
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 16 2021 10:15PM) : I agree with the United States being the aggressors as they wanted this to happen. They wanted the Mexicans to blow the first shot so they would look bad.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 4:42PM) : I see that the Americans are the ones who started the war, the Mexicans are just protecting themselves and the country.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 4:45PM) : I agree that the United states are the ones who wanted this war to begin.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:30PM) : The United States were the ones that started the war

After Congress acted in May of 1846, there were rallies and demonstrations for the war in New York, Baltimore, Indianapolis, Philadelphia, and many other places. Thousands rushed to volunteer for the army. The poet Walt Whitman wrote in the Brooklyn Eagle in the early days of the war: “Yes: Mexico must be thoroughly chastised! . . . Let our arms now be carried with a spirit which shall teach the world that, while we are not forward for a quarrel, America knows how to crush, as well as how to expand!”

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 12:08AM) : It is sad how all the U.S. wanted to do was take their land, turning it into their own territory and wanted to hurt Mexico.
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Jan 28
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 28 2021 2:28AM) : I am agree with you U.S wanted take land without think in the consequences.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:30PM) : Yes it’s very sad,they didn’t care about the consequences
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Jan 28
Sofia M Sofia M (Jan 28 2021 2:32AM) : A lot of Americans supported the war with Mexico and believed that they could defeat and take over their land.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 7:54AM) : To me it looks as though Polk's propaganda was working and even creating more support.
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Feb 3
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 03 2021 4:51PM) : There were rallies and demonstrations of the war after Congress acted in May 1846.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 3:23PM) : many of the Americans supported the war and felt it was a good way to obtain land
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Feb 10
Juan V Juan V (Feb 10 2021 2:42PM) : Many us people thought us would win and take over mexico
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 4:46PM) : I'm angry that when the USA wants a land they provoke they stat the problem and they blame it on others.
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Jan 27
Aileen Q Aileen Q (Jan 27 2021 8:55PM) : They were making it really clear that their goal was to destroy Mexico and take over their land.

Accompanying all this aggressiveness was the idea that the United States would be giving the blessings of liberty and democracy to more people. This was intermingled with ideas of racial superiority, longings for the beautiful lands of New Mexico and California, and thoughts of commercial enterprise across the Pacific. The New York Herald was saying, by 1847: “The universal Yankee nation can regenerate and disenthrall the people of Mexico in a few years; and we believe it is a part of our destiny to civilize that beautiful country.”

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Jan 27
Emily V Emily V (Jan 27 2021 6:38PM) : Something I found interesting was that Polk did it to gain more power especially since slavery was still going on. Since Lincoln argued that this would cause unnecessary violence they had two sides to go by.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 5:58PM) : I wonder if people were puzzled on which side to chose, Lincoln or Polk?
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Feb 16
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 16 2021 11:11PM) : It is crazy to thing to see the Americans had made people believe that it was necessary for them to have the land. I can't believe this worked.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 4:47PM) : To gain power he needed to take away the land so he had to began the war.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:31PM) : Yes in order to have power they had to have war
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Jan 27
Aileen Q Aileen Q (Jan 27 2021 8:58PM) : Even though they did have bad intentions could something good possible come out of this
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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 2:43PM) : They were trying to find the good out of something bad, which is that they were going to expand and be able to have more people in their country.
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The Congressional Globe of February 11, 1847, reported:

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Mr. Giles, of Maryland-I take it for granted, that we shall gain territory, and must gain territory, before we shut the gates of the temple of Janus. .. . We must march from ocean to ocean. .. . We must march from Texas straight to the Pacific ocean, and be bounded only by its roaring wave…. It is the destiny of the white race, it is the destiny of the Anglo-Saxon race. .. .

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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 11:34AM) : The "We must march from ocean to ocean" reminds me of the song "From Sea to Shining Sea."
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 4:59AM) : They contradict their own statements by saying "We must march from ocean to ocean" and later on saying , "be bounded only by its roaring wave"?
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 12:24PM) : I think they were overly focused on gaining territory
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Feb 10
Juan V Juan V (Feb 10 2021 11:43AM) : They are tryin to gain territory
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Feb 10
Fabian L Fabian L (Feb 10 2021 12:33PM) : Their main focus is to gain territory.
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Feb 16
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 16 2021 9:29PM) : Here they make it clear that they want more territory. I wonder why gaining more land is a sense of power?
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 1:55PM) : "We must march from ocean to ocean." It's saying that they have conquer new and old lands that are from others making them theirs so they can expand their territory and get more power.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 11:33AM) : They are trying to gain territory’s
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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 11:40AM) : I wonder why it was so important to them to gain territory.
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Jan 28
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 28 2021 9:41PM) : I agree that they wanted so much territory even though they already had a lot.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 11:33AM) : Why is it so important to gain those territory’s
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Jan 28
Natalia N Natalia N (Jan 28 2021 2:29PM) : Cartoon more

What do you think about this cartoon?

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Jan 28
Emily V Emily V (Jan 28 2021 2:46PM) : They wanted to go and attack the Mexicans because it was their duty, then in the image, you can see Zachary Taylor on skulls (of the Mexicans) this represents him in the Mexican war.
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Jan 28
Aileen Q Aileen Q (Jan 28 2021 11:57PM) : I think race did play a big role because they basically said it's what they deserve for being white I think they had something against the Mexican's
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Jan 29
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 29 2021 12:45AM) : I don't really like the cartoon because it's showing how powerful he is.
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Jan 29
Evelin R Evelin R (Jan 29 2021 12:47AM) : I also think it's symbolizing the death of people.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 6:02PM) : I personally don't like the cartoon because to me its saying that he was better than these people that he killed and just overall inappropriate.
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Feb 3
Allen A Allen A (Feb 03 2021 8:01AM) : Isn't this image something that Taylor would dislike since he felt is was wrong to do such.
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Feb 10
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 10 2021 2:56PM) : I think the skulls in the image represent the deaths of the Mexicans and Zachary Taylor sits on top to show that he is more powerful.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 4:59PM) : They wanted to attack all the lands and take their property so their power can grow bigger.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:34PM) : I don’t like the cartoon because it shows how powerful he is

Anti-War Sentiment

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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 2:37PM) : I think the picture symbolizes that death and aggressiveness were taken to the extreme to expand the U.S.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 6:37PM) : I´m agree with you because the skulls represents the deaths of the fallen.
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Jan 29
Aileen Q Aileen Q (Jan 29 2021 12:02AM) : I think the picture shows how the war was the death of many people
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 5:02PM) : I agree with you all that the skulls symbolize that the death of the fallen and the soldier on top is the USA that defeated the other lands and gained more power.
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The American Anti-Slavery Society, on the other hand, said the war was “waged solely for the detestable and horrible purpose of extending and perpetuating American slavery throughout the vast territory of Mexico.” A twenty-seven-year-old Boston poet and abolitionist, James Russell Lowell, began writing satirical poems in the Boston Courier (they were later collected as the Biglow Papers). In them, a New England farmer, Hosea Biglow, spoke, in his own dialect, on the war:

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Feb 4
Estefania H Estefania H (Feb 04 2021 2:45PM) : The war was even addressed around the world that even even a farmer in New England couldn't hold back and had the lead to talking about the war.
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Feb 4
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 04 2021 3:45PM) : American Anti-Slavery Society believed that the purpose of the war was that the U.S wanted to gain territory to expand slavery.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 12:43AM) : The people of America who were against slavery believed this was a plan to extend slavery. It would kind of make sense since America was heavily slave dependent.
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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 2:46PM) : They all had different opinions, people who were anti-slavery believed it was just a way to get more slaves, but other people who wanted the war believed it was to give liberty and democracy to more people.
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Jan 29
Ariana O Ariana O (Jan 29 2021 6:07PM) : I completely agree with this because it really all came down to who supported slavery and who didn't.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 6:51PM) : I´m agree with you becuase the people that came down or that was supporters of slavery.
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Feb 3
Emily V Emily V (Feb 03 2021 4:50PM) : I agree with what you said because there was a war between whether or not there should be slaves.
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 6:32AM) : What were all the reasons for this belief? Was it because of who the leaders in charge of this conquest were? Or because of the states had a goal with the sol intent on lengthening the extent of slavery?
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Ez fer war, I call it murder,-

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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 2:43PM) : Those that were against the war were aware of the reason behind it, they knew it was solely to have more slave states spread across the U.S.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 6:55PM) : This is right becuase in a war do not exist good and bad.
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There you hev it plain an’ flat;
I don’t want to go no furder

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 2:49PM) : His view is the same as the Anti-Slavery Society because they both oppose the war with Mexico.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 7:04PM) : This could be taken as a way of saying no more war.
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 6:38AM) : I agree with you as he says, "I don’t want to go no furder" implying for an end of the war.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 5:05PM) : I also agree that it mean he wants to put an end to it and no more wars, no problems.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 1:32AM) : It seems as if they are trying to say no more war.
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Than my Testyment fer that. . . .
They may talk o’ Freedom’s airy

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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 4:58PM) : I think the farmer is saying that the Americans are telling the people that they will grant them all liberty after the war.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 7:05PM) : I am agree with you becuase the farmers they promised more than they could grant
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 6:42AM) : I agree with you as he says, "They may talk o’ Freedom’s airy", he is likely talking about Polk and other leaders when he says, "they" to make an excuse for the war they are starting, in order to create support in their conquest.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 5:08PM) : I agree people promised put their promises fade away and forget about it and then we the people don't receive what he grant us.
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Tell they’er pupple in the face,-
It’s a grand gret cemetary

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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 7:06PM) : this could be taken as all the fallen soldiers during the conflict.
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Feb 4
Estefania H Estefania H (Feb 04 2021 2:49PM) : He is saying that the war is actually just a excuse to murder everyone that gets in the United States way of getting land.
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Per the barthrights of our race;
They jest want this Californy

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 2:51PM) : It is not surprising that a lot of people realized how the U.S. wanted California because of the way they always talked about how they needed to expand their country.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 7:07PM) : I agree with you since the US only wanted more territory that represented more power
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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 5:01PM) : I think he's saying that the Americans are just lying to the people because all they want is to seize California from Mexico to expand.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 3:28PM) : they just wanted more power and more land for slaves
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 5:00PM) : I agree they just wanted more power and more land for slaves.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 1:34AM) : It's interesting to see that it wasn't hidden that the Americans wanted to expand more land. So it made it clear to most that they wanted to go to war.
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So’s to lug new slave-states in
To abuse ye, an’ to scorn ye,

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 2:55PM) : Some people who supported the war even admitted that the reason for supporting it is because they could have slaves wherever they wanted and would be able to have more slave states by expanding.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 7:08PM) : I agree with you since the slavers only did it to have more space for more slaves
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Feb 10
Estefania H Estefania H (Feb 10 2021 2:39PM) : Biglow is saying that the United States just too California to make them slave-states and only to take away Mexicans land and country.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 1:38AM) : It's crazy to see how people supported this war based off the fact for more slavery.
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An’ to plunder ye like sin.

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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 4:24PM) : The White people seek to oppress the other races by expanding the US to have more slave territory.
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Jan 29
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Jan 29 2021 6:08PM) : that was the reality.
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 5:54AM) : I agree that this falls into their reasons for this expansion of US soil.
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The war had barely begun, the summer of 1846, when a writer, Henry David Thorean, who lived in Concord, Massachusetts, refused to pay his Massachusetts poll tax, denouncing the Mexican war. He was put in jail and spent one night there. His friends, without his consent, paid his tax, and he was released. Two years later, he gave a lecture, “Resistance to Civil Government,” which was then printed as an essay, “Civil Disobedience”:

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 2:00PM) : I think that it wasn't fair that they were forcing people to pay a tax just for the war even if they didn't support the war.
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Feb 3
Emily V Emily V (Feb 03 2021 3:51PM) : something I found interesting was that if they wanted the war to happen they would force the citizens to pay for their support.
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Feb 4
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 04 2021 2:29PM) : I found it interesting and sad how they were forcing people to pay a tax and if they refused they were put in jail.
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Feb 10
Estefania H Estefania H (Feb 10 2021 1:41PM) : Henry David refused to pay his Massachusetts poll tax which had him sent to jail until he pays. Without him giving his consent his friends paid his taxes which let him free.
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Feb 10
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 10 2021 11:25PM) : I'm surprised to learn that the people that refused to pay the tax were put in jail.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:03PM) : forcing people to pay tax
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 12:47AM) : Why was it necessary for them to pay taxes for the war? What if they didn't support this why was it still necessary?
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It is not desirable to cultivate a respect for the law, so much as for the right. .. . Law never made men a whit more just; and, by means of their respect for it, even the well-disposed are daily made the agents of injustice. A common and natural result of an undue respect for law is, that you may see a file of soldiers .. . marching in admirable order over hill and dale to the wars, against their wills, ay, against their common sense and consciences, which makes it very steep marching indeed, and produces a palpitation of the heart.

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Jan 28
Natalia N Natalia N (Jan 28 2021 1:48PM) : Civil Disobedience more

Thoreau disobeyed the law when he didn’t pay his taxes (in protest of the US-Mexico war). What do you think about disobeying laws you think are unjust?

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Jan 28
Nicole G Nicole G (Jan 28 2021 3:06PM) : I think that Thoreau didn't do anything wrong by disobeying the law because if something is unjust, you should not have to support it and protesting against it can help to change the injustice.
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Jan 28
Yamile B Yamile B (Jan 28 2021 5:32PM) : I think it's the only way to take action by calling it to attention. Like Thomas Jefferson said, "If a law is unjust, a man is not only right to disobey it, he is obligated to do so."
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 7:01AM) : Where was this quote from? just curious
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 6:59AM) : I believe that if you are going to rebel in such ways you should try to bring others along to create power in numbers and to show the government that this disagreement between you and them isn't so small that it can simply be ignored.
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His friend and fellow writer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, agreed, but thought it futile to protest. When Emerson visited Thoreau in jail and asked, “What are you doing in there?” it was reported that Thoreau replied, “What are you doing out there?”

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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:40PM) : I wonder if Emerson was afraid of the consequences of protesting and if that was a part of why he didn't agree with Thoreau even though he agreed with him.
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Feb 3
Emily V Emily V (Feb 03 2021 4:58PM) : I learned that most agreed to as why the military should be even going into war.
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Feb 10
Estefania H Estefania H (Feb 10 2021 3:48PM) : Some friends of Thorean and his fellow writers agreed with what he was saying but they didn't want to go against the United States.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 4:06PM) : most agreed that most shoudld go to war
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 2:04AM) : Why were people afraid to go against the U.S.? If they agreed why did they not speak out and talk about it?
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The churches, for the most part, were either outspokenly for the war or timidly silent. The Reverend Theodore Parker, Unitarian minister in Boston, combined eloquent criticism of the war with contempt for the Mexican people, whom he called “a wretched people; wretched in their origin, history, and character,” who must eventually give way as the Indians did. Yes, the United States should expand, he said, but not by war, rather by the power of her ideas, the pressure of her commerce, by “the steady advance of a superior race, with superior ideas and a better civilization … ”

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Feb 1
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 01 2021 2:32PM) : I am surprised that he iked the idea of the U.S. expanding but by the power.
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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 2:37PM) : I would think the church would also oppose the war because of the violence it would cause.
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 8:19AM) : I believe that he is wrong to view others in such ways but I agree with his view of how we we should have expanded.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 5:12PM) : I also see his view of point of expanding the land but he has to respect others territories.
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 2:09PM) : I agree that the U.S should expand but not by war.
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Jan 28
Natalia N Natalia N (Jan 28 2021 2:37PM) : Reverend Parker more

Do you think Reverend Parker was in the minority with this attitude about Mexicans? Why or why not?

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Feb 1
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 01 2021 2:36PM) : Reverend parker more

I think Reverend Parker wasn’t in the minority with that attitude about Mexicans because I believe many people agreed with the idea that white Americans are the superior race and could build a better civilization

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Mar 17
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 17 2021 12:39PM) : I agree with you Manuel that the white race was in the higher rank than the Mexicans.
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Feb 1
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 01 2021 2:34PM) : I´m agree with paragraph 42 becuase this paragraph says that U.S should expand but without war.
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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:44PM) : I don't find it surprising that the people of the U.S. thought of themselves as superior and better than the other countries.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 12:37AM) : I agree with you but I wonder why didn't they want to go to war after so much the U.S. did.

The racism of Parker was widespread. Congressman Delano of Ohio, an antislavery Whig, opposed the war because he was afraid of Americans mingling with an inferior people who “embrace all shades of color. … a sad compound of Spanish, English, Indian, and negro bloods . . . and resulting, it is said, in the production of a slothful, ignorant race of beings.”

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Jan 28
Natalia N Natalia N (Jan 28 2021 2:38PM) : Do these attitudes still exist today? How do you know?
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 3:32PM) : yeah these attitudes still exist today, were still many whites think they're more superior than people with other Origins
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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 8:22AM) : I believe these views still exist as they are still topics of discussion and are often mentioned when discussing politics and how they may or may not be biased against another race.
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Mar 8
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 08 2021 5:16PM) : Yes these attitudes still exist today because when discussing politics it is mentions and taught to others to know.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 12:44AM) : I think these attitudes still exist these days because there many white people that think are better than other people of color and think they are more superior.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 2:31AM) : I honestly think these attitudes still exist today, as I've seen many white people who claim superiority over other races. It's crazy to see that this is still going on.
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Feb 1
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 01 2021 2:38PM) : Delano of Ohio was an apposite Parker about slavery and was disagree with the compound of Spanish.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 4:09PM) : still many whites think superior than people with other orgins
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 2:11PM) : A Whig opposed the war because he was afraid of Americans mingling with inferior people who embrace all shades of color.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:35PM) : Yes those attitudes still happen nowadays
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As the war went on, opposition grew. The American Peace Society printed a newspaper, the Advocate of Peace, which published poems, speeches, petitions, sermons against the war, and eyewitness accounts of the degradation of army life and the horrors of battle. The abolitionists, speaking through William Lloyd Garrison’s Liberator, denounced the war as one “of aggression, of invasion, of conquest, and rapine-marked by ruffianism, perfidy, and every other feature of national depravity …” Considering the strenuous efforts of the nation’s leaders to build patriotic support, the amount of open dissent and criticism was remarkable. Antiwar meetings took place in spite of attacks by patriotic mobs.

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Feb 1
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 01 2021 8:38PM) : The people who were against the war had a meeting together to discuss.
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Feb 1
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 01 2021 8:43PM) : When the war started there was oppositors and people that was agree but especially one of the opposite site standed and these person was Garrison´s,Liberator.
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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 8:47PM) : I think it was good how abolitionists and others who did not support the war were speaking out against it and said why the war was a bad thing.
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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 8:51PM) : It seems as many people did in fact try and do something about opposing the war even though they were criticized by those supporting the war.
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Feb 3
Emily V Emily V (Feb 03 2021 11:01PM) : racism was widespread, it was towards people of color. This still happens today. people would go to meetings because they were against the war; they wanted peace.
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 9:50PM) : As the war went on, poems, speeches, and petitions were being published against the war.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 8:35AM) : It is nice to see people we were against the war. Seeing many people speak out against America's choice to fight the Mexicans.
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Mar 17
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 17 2021 5:41PM) : I agree with you all that the people who were against the war had a plan to meet together.
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As the army moved closer to Mexico City, The Liberator daringly declared its wishes for the defeat of the American forces: “Every lover of Freedom and humanity, throughout the world, must wish them [the Mexicans] the most triumphant success…

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Feb 5
Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 8:28AM) : Who is the Liberator?
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:36PM) : Who was the liberator
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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:51PM) : I wonder why they had believed so strongly that it was their destiny
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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 2:58PM) : I wonder if the white race would have still followed through expansion even if it wasn't destined?
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 3:33PM) : I was surprised that they thought it was their destiny to have that land when it was Mexicos in the first place
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Mar 17
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 17 2021 12:45PM) : I also wonder why they thought it was destiny... if they were causing wars to keep other people's lands. I believe that is not destiny that is stealing or taking away their properties.

Frederick Douglass, former slave, extraordinary speaker and writer, wrote in his Rochester newspaper the North Star, January 21, 1848, of “the present disgraceful, cruel, and iniquitous war with our sister republic. Mexico seems a doomed victim to Anglo Saxon cupidity and love of dominion.” Douglass was scornful of the unwillingness of opponents of the war to take real action (even the abolitionists kept paying their taxes):

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Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:57PM) : I find it interesting how the abolitionists just continued to pay the taxes, but Thoreau protested against it and resisted the tax.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 2:46PM) : Many people of color would disagree with the terms of going into war. They said that it would just cause destruction.
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Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:53PM) : He spoke out and gave his thoughts about the situation
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 4:11PM) : people of color disagree with going to war
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 4:28PM) : I agree many people of color did not support the war.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 2:41AM) : It makes me upset that America was enforcing paying taxes for the war. Though the abolitionist were against the way they still paid for the taxes supporting the war which just doesn't make sense.
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Mar 17
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 17 2021 12:58PM) : Yes, it makes me upset to thinking if I was in their shoes, that would be horrible paying taxes for the war.
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Mar 17
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 17 2021 1:00PM) : para 48: Yes I also agree that color people didn't agree with paying taxes or supporting it. [Edited]
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:37PM) : POC disagreed with going to war
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Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 8:32AM) : I can understand Frederick's irritation with the oppositions lack of efforts to do what is necessary in their opposition.

No politician of any considerable distinction or eminence seems willing to hazard his popularity with his party … by an open and unqualified disapprobation of the war. None seem willing to take their stand for peace at all risks; and all seem willing that the war should be carried on, in some form or other.

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Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 3:02PM) : Fedrick Douglass also thought that the war was an unjust act towards the Mexicans. He's saying that even those who opposed the war remained paying their taxes as well.
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 2:38PM) : Fredrick Douglass was unjustly with the Mexicans
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Where was popular opinion? It is hard to say. After the first rush, enlistments began to dwindle. Historians of the Mexican war have talked easily about “the people” and “public opinion.” Their evidence, however, is not from “the people” but from the newspapers, claiming to be the voice of the people. The New York Herald wrote in August 1845: “The multitude cry aloud for war.” The New York Morning News said “young and ardent spirits that throng the cities . . . want but a direction to their restless energies, and their attention is already fixed on Mexico.”

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Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 3:00PM) : It's interesting how they claimed that the things written in newspapers were opinions of the people, even though what was in the newspaper was completely different from what the people were saying.
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Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 3:37PM) : it annoys me how there was so much Propaganda
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Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:54PM) : They were focused on Mexico
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 4:12PM) : it birthers me how much propaganda there is
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Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 2:46AM) : This is crazy to see how much propaganda was said in the newspapers like whoa. I wonder if this was a way for them to silence people who opposed.
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Allen A Allen A (Feb 05 2021 8:40AM) : It sounds to me that their implying the use of propaganda was used to help suppress people from protesting.
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It is impossible to know the extent of popular support of the war. But there is evidence that many organized workingmen opposed the war.

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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 2:08PM) : I agree that without evidence there is really no say who were the people supporting the war, like when president Polk liked in his diary about the people being excited about the war when it was not true.
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Mar 17
Rosa Z Rosa Z (Mar 17 2021 11:03AM) : Yes, I agree if there is no evidence how can we trust and believe it happened.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 1:48PM) : many news sources would change topics of what's happening. Even working men would disagree with the war.
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 1:40PM) : Why we don't have registered evidence of the supporters of the war maybe this information stain their names in the History?
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 12:35PM) : It's interesting to learn that there were many men that were opposed to the war.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:38PM) : Many men didn’t want to go to war

There were demonstrations of Irish workers in New York, Boston, and Lowell against the annexation of Texas, Philip Foner reports. In May, when the war against Mexico began, New York workingmen called a meeting to oppose the war, and many Irish workers came. The meeting called the war a plot by slaveowners and asked for the withdrawal of American troops from disputed territory. That year, a convention of the New England Workingmen’s Association condemned the war and announced they would “not take up arms to sustain the Southern slaveholder in robbing one-fifth of our countrymen of their labor.”

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Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:06PM) : The war had even caused many other problems since it was taking people away from their work and labor.
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 1:43PM) : The war interrupt the work of a lot of people and this maybe started other problems.
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Feb 11
Allen A Allen A (Feb 11 2021 6:19AM) : These facts rebuttal the idea that the no one was against the war.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 12:40PM) : The war had been causing many bad problems instead of good ones.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 1:55PM) : They were against going to war with Mexico
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 1:54AM) : This started to cause a lot of problems as work and labor was being taken way. This can heavily affect the people of this area.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:38PM) : The war cause many other problems
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Some newspapers, at the very start of the war, protested. Horace Greeley wrote in the New York Tribune, May 12, 1846:

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Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 2:13PM) : I'm surprised to see that even after the war commenced people were still protesting as they opposed it instead of just letting it go by.
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Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 1:45PM) : Many opposers of the war began to protest to try to stop the war.
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Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 12:43PM) : I'm surprised to learn that there were people protesting.
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We can easily defeat the armies of Mexico, slaughter them by thousands, Who believes that a score of victories over Mexico, the “annexation” of half her provinces, will give us more Liberty, a purer Morality, a more prosperous Industry, than we now have? … Is not Life miserable enough, comes not Death soon enough, without resort to the hideous enginery of War?

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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:09PM) : The fact that the U.S. already saw themselves defeating Mexico before it actually happened shows how they thought they were superior compared to Mexico.
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Feb 17
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 17 2021 1:57AM) : I agree with this. America already was thinking that they won before it even ended. This shows some form of superiority in their mind against the Mexicans.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 1:49PM) : many immigrants saw that what Mexico was going through and helped them. They noticed how America thought they were better.
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Feb 4
Jesusita G Jesusita G (Feb 04 2021 2:39PM) : America thought so highly of themselves they weren't even worried about losing
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 1:47PM) : I´m agree with you losing was a preoccupation.
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Feb 11
Allen A Allen A (Feb 11 2021 6:23AM) : They use rhetorical questions to show that what we were doing was pointless and wrong.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 1:56PM) : Many people died in the war
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:15PM) : americans thoiught they were superior and were not worried
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:08PM) : America was not worried and thought they could easily defeat Mexico.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:40PM) : The US knew that they were going to win already
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The Recruits

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Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 2:26PM) : The Americans were aware of what they were capable of doing and they would get away with it. [Edited]
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 9:18PM) : I´m agree with you
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:41PM) : The Americans were aware of what they were capable of doing
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What of those who fought the war-the soldiers who marched, sweated, got sick, died? The Mexican soldiers. The American soldiers. We know little of the reactions of Mexican soldiers. We know much more about the American army–volunteers, not conscripts, lured by money and opportunity for social advancement via promotion in the armed forces. Half of General Taylor’s army were recent immigrants–Irish and German mostly. Their patriotism was not very strong. Their belief in all arguments for expansion paraded in the newspapers was probably not great. Indeed, many of them deserted to the Mexican side, enticed by money. Some enlisted in the Mexican army and formed their own battalion, the San Patricio (St. Patrick’s) Battalion.

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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 9:20PM) : In my opinion the soldiers that died in the war between USA and Mexico was unjustification dies.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:17PM) : people think it was a bendit to join war and were against it
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 2:54PM) : American soldiers were lured by money and opportunity for social advancement promotion in the armed forces.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 3:50AM) : It's not surprising to see that many American volunteers for the army were lured in by money.
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:42PM) : The soldiers that died in the war weren’t brought to justice
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At first there seemed to be enthusiasm in the army, fired by pay and patriotism. Martial spirit was high in New York, where the legislature authorized the governor to call 50,000 volunteers. Placards read “Mexico or Death.” There was a mass meeting of 20,000 people in Philadelphia. Three thousand volunteered in Ohio.

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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:13PM) : It is surprising how many people they needed to be recruited and then how many people actually did end up volunteering.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:09PM) : Yeah, I agree that there were at least 50,000 volunteers.It's also interesting how there were many people that wanted to volunteer like from Ohio.
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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 3:16PM) : I found it interesting how much of General Taylor's army was made up of immigrants. I wonder what they would do once some of the immigrants left to the Mexicans side?
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 1:52PM) : many of the people who didn't agree with the idea of war joined because it was benefiting them.
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 9:26PM) : I´m agree with you becuase you are saying the true about the people that got a benefit of the war.
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Feb 11
Allen A Allen A (Feb 11 2021 6:29AM) : I was surprised by all the immigrant soldiers that were in our fight against mexico and how their patriotism grew when they decided to fight for mexico?
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:03PM) : I found it surprising how many people volunteered in Ohio and Philadelphia.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 3:57AM) : Its crazy to see how many volunteers there was.
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This initial spirit soon wore off. One young man wrote anonymously to the Cambridge Chronicle:

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Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 9:33PM) : oppositors of the war.
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Neither have I the least idea of “joining” you, or in any way assisting the unjust war waging against Mexico. I have no wish to participate in such “glorious” butcheries of women and children as were displayed in the capture of Montercy, etc. Neither have I any desire to place myself under the dictation of a petty military tyrant, to every caprice of whose will I must yield implicit obedience. No sir-ee! … Well, I won’t.. . . Human butchery has had its day… . And the time is rapidly approaching when the professional soldier will be placed on the same level as a bandit, the Bedouin, and the Thug.

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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:16PM) : I find it surprising how before there were many people who were willing to be recruited for the war, but now hardly anyone wanted to be apart of the war against Mexico.
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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 3:18PM) : I think many just opened their eyes to realize that what was going to happen was unjust to the Mexicans so they wanted nothing to do with it.
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 11:19PM) : The war between USA and Mexico was a war for the resources in my opinion.
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Feb 11
Allen A Allen A (Feb 11 2021 6:34AM) : They realized how wrong and one-sided this war was and did not want to be a part of it.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:19PM) : I think the people didn't want to be apart of the war anymore because it didn't benefit them and realize how wrong it was.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 1:58PM) : Have no intention of killing women and children
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:19PM) : hardly anyone wanted to be apart of the war against Mexico.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:07AM) : It's crazy to think that people would think it is okay to butcher women and children. It makes sense why many refused to keep being in the army.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:43PM) : A lot of people were being recruited
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There were extravagant promises and outright lies to build up the volunteer units. A man who wrote a history of the New York Volunteers declared:

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Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 11:20PM) : Volunteers of the War.
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Many enlisted for the sake of their families, having no employment, and having been offered “three months’ advance”, and were promised that they could leave part of their pay for their families to draw in their absence. … I boldly pronounce, that the whole Regiment was got up by fraud.

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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:18PM) : I think it was wrong to lie to people and make promises that they already know they won't fulfill just so they can get more recruits on their side.
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Feb 1
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 01 2021 3:21PM) : Yes, I agree especially since they are risking their lives and many might not even get back to their families.
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Feb 10
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 10 2021 11:23PM) : I am agree with you becuase I think that is wrong to lie ot the people.
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Feb 11
Allen A Allen A (Feb 11 2021 6:36AM) : These actions earn you loss in trust by the people and can result in devastating events for the countries future.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 1:58PM) : They join the military for their family because that's all they can do to help them.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:25PM) : yeah, but they were lied to they didn't keep their promised and they risked their own lives.
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:05PM) : Many people were lied to just so they would volunteer and be part of the war.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:14AM) : I find it sickening because these people need to provide for their families so they trick them. Don't they understand how horrible it is?
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:44PM) : It’s wrong to lie to people, don’t give them false hopes if your not going to make them happen
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By late 1846, recruitment was falling off, so physical requirements were lowered, and anyone bringing in acceptable recruits would get $2 a head. Even this didn’t work. Congress in early 1847 authorized ten new regiments of regulars, to serve for the duration of the war, promising them 100 acres of public land upon honorable discharge. But dissatisfaction continued.

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Feb 1
Natalia N Natalia N (Feb 01 2021 12:53PM) : Why do you think recruitment was falling off?
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Feb 1
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 01 2021 2:21PM) : I think that recruitment began to fall off because people realized that the war was unjust and that people who supported it before, started to turn against it, so there were hardly any people who were willing to be recruited.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 1:54PM) : I agree with what you said because they were being lured with other advances in order to stay in the war and they didn't like that.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:04PM) : I´m agree with you becuase the war was unjust the purpose of the war was just steal lands from Mexico.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:06AM) : I believe that recruitment began to fall off because people did not support the war and the promises they made were broken after the first soldiers followed through with their part of the deal.
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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 1:43PM) : So the Americans just think everything they are doing is right because they are following their destiny.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:06PM) : I´m agree with you the USA just say excuses.
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Feb 3
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 03 2021 1:45PM) : Why did they so strongly believe it was their destiny to civilize them if it was not their country?
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:32PM) : I agree also why are they calling Mexico beautiful if they hate the people from there and also wanna go to war with them.
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Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:17AM) : How come Americans believe heavily that its their destiny to obtain land that doesn't belong to them.

The Reality of Battle

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And soon, the reality of battle came in upon the glory and the promises. On the Rio Grande before Matamoros, as a Mexican army of five thousand under General Arista faced Taylor’s army of three thousand, the shells began to fly, and artilleryman Samuel French saw his first death in battle. John Weems describes it:

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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:23PM) : I wonder if the Mexicans were now at an advantage since they had more soldiers.
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Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:10PM) : Mexico had five thousand people and the U.S had three thousand.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:09AM) : The Mexicans had the advantage in numbers.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:27AM) : It's crazy to think taylors army went against the Mexican army even though they were 2 thousand shorter in people.
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:46PM) : Mexicans had an advantage
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Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:38PM) : I'm surprised that the Mexican army had five thousand people and Taylor had almost as half of the Mexican army.
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He happened to be staring at a man on horseback nearby when he saw a shot rip off the pommel of the saddle, tear through the man’s body, and burst out with a crimson gush on the other side.

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Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 03 2021 1:47PM) : It must have been very difficult for the men in the battle to witness so many violent and harsh deaths happen.
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Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:06PM) : was just suffer for the soldiers of both sides.
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Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:36PM) : I agree I just could imagine how big the war was.
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Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:14PM) : I think if I witnessed my first death in battle I would be scared and traumatized and I wouldn't want to keep fighting.
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:46PM) : I bet it was really difficult for the men to see such brutal deaths
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When the battle was over, five hundred Mexicans were dead or wounded. There were perhaps fifty American casualties. Weems describes the aftermath: “Night blanketed weary men who fell asleep where they dropped on the trampled prairie grass, while around them other prostrate men from both armies screamed and groaned in agony from wounds. By the eerie light of torches ‘the surgeon’s saw was going the livelong night.'

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Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 03 2021 1:51PM) : The outcome was turning negative as both armies faced many deaths and others who were getting wounded.
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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:26PM) : I agree it seems like it was all an atrocity. Many lives could've been saved if they would've taken matters differently.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 1:58PM) : even though Mexico was able to recruit soldiers both armies had lost/wounded soldiers.
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Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:07PM) : Do you think that was necessary for the occasion?
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 1:59PM) : Many Mexicans either died or injured during the war that was happening
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:23PM) : the outcome was negative bith armies lost people and many wounded
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Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:45PM) : It's sad to learn that the outcome was really bad there were many deaths.
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Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:12PM) : After the battle, there were five hundred Mexicans dead or wounded and fifty American casualties.
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Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:13AM) : Crazy how even though the Mexicans outnumbered the US in soldiers their death count was ten times higher than ours by the end of the war.
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Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:31AM) : It's sad to hear about this both sides were getting hurt. This caused many death and injuries.
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Away from the battlefield, in the army camps, the romance of the recruiting posters was quickly forgotten. The 2nd Regiment of Mississippi Rifles, moving into New Orleans, was stricken by cold and sickness. The regimental surgeon reported: “Six months after our regiment had entered the service we had sustained a loss of 167 by death, and 134 by discharges.” The regiment was packed into the holds of transports, eight hundred men into three ships. The surgeon continued:

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The dark cloud of disease still hovered over us. The holds of the ships . . . were soon crowded with the sick. The effluvia was intolerable. . . . The sea became rough. .. . Through the long dark night the rolling ship would dash the sick man from side to side bruising his flesh upon the rough corners of his berth. The wild screams of the delirious, the lamentations of the sick, and the melancholy groans of the dying, kept up one continual scene of confusion. . . . Four weeks we were confined to the loathsome ships and before we had landed at the Brasos, we consigned twenty-eight of our men to the dark waves.

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Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:01PM) : They were on a ship that were sick and seasick
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Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:53PM) : Also, the condition of the ship was bad they were all crowded and sick. It's also sad that they left behind some of their own people.
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Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:18AM) : I wonder if those who were tossed overboard had died from sickness or were near death when they were tossed.
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Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:39AM) : It's sickening to hear about the poor conditions of the ships. As well as they had to leave the ship being in the ocean due to its conditions.
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Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:47PM) : They were on the ship that made them feel seasick
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Feb 3
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 03 2021 1:57PM) : It is surprising that the conditions in the ship got so bad that they abandoned and left some of the men in the ocean.
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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:30PM) : Yes, sadly more and more people were dying.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 2:00PM) : This was not a surprise because many diseases spread through the world especially during wars.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:08PM) : Is so sad to hear that.

Meanwhile, by land and by sea, Anglo-American forces were moving into California. A young naval officer, after the long voyage around the southern cape of South America, and up the coast to Monterey in California, wrote in his diary:

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Feb 4
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 04 2021 1:43PM) : It was turning out the way the Anglos wanted and they were already taking over California.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:09PM) : The USA just wanted steal land from Mexico is sad to hear that.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:55PM) : It makes me mad that the Anhlos were already taking over California.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 8:57PM) : *Anglos
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:50PM) : The USA wanted to steal land from Mexico
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Asia . . . will be brought to our very doors. Population will flow into the fertile regions of California. The resources of the entire country . . . will be developed. . . . The public lands lying along the route [of railroads] will be changed from deserts into gardens, and a large population will be settled. . . .

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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:33PM) : Seems like the Anglos were already set for what they wanted to develop in California. Their "destiny" is almost fulfilled.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:21AM) : What does he mean by Asia?
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:43AM) : I hate how the Americans just think they can take places that don't belong to them.
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It was a separate war that went on in California, where Anglo-Americans raided Spanish settlements, stole horses, and declared California separated from Mexico-the “Bear Flag Republic.” Indians lived there, and naval officer Revere gathered the Indian chiefs and spoke to them (as he later recalled):

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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:39PM) : The Americans were just taking everything and wanted everything to be theirs and under their control.
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Feb 4
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 04 2021 1:46PM) : Anglo Americans were destroying Spanish settlements and invading just because they wanted the land.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:10PM) : THe USA just think in invasion new lands more resources.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 2:06PM) : The Americans were able to take land away from indigenous people again, claiming it as their own and putting it with the US.
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Feb 5
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 05 2021 3:11AM) : The Americans were Conquerors and they had their way without anyone stopping them
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:07PM) : Anglo decided to invade Spain and takes some things away from them
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 10:54PM) : What do you mean to invade Spain?
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:19PM) : Anglo-Americans raided Spanish settlements, stole horses, and declared California separated from Mexico.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:23AM) : Now that they had arrived they began their preparations in changing the land and owning it.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:49AM) : I find it annoying that the Americans kept taking people's land. As well as, hurting and harming people to get the land.
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I have called you together to have a talk with you. The country you inhabit no longer belongs to Mexico, but to a mighty nation whose territory extends from the great ocean you have all seen or heard of, to another great ocean thousands of miles toward the rising sun…. Our armies are now in Mexico, and will soon conquer the whole country. But you have nothing to fear from us, if you do what is right. . . . if you are faithful to your new rulers… I hope you will alter your habits, and be industrious and frugal, and give up all the low vices which you practice; but if you are lazy and dissipated, you must, before many years, become extinct. We shall watch over you, and give you true liberty; but beware of sedition, lawlessness, and all other crimes, for the army which shields can assuredly punish, and it will reach you in your most retired hiding places.

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Feb 4
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 04 2021 1:49PM) : The officer from the U.S. was basically telling the Indian chiefs that they were their new ruler and that they needed to listen to them, or else they would do something bad to them.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:27AM) : They basically said that they would kill their people into extinction if they did not listen.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:52AM) : I agree this is what it's talking about but it's saddening that they would do this to the Indians
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General Kearney moved easily into New Mexico, and Santa Fe was taken without battle. An American staff officer described the reaction of the Mexican population to the U.S. army’s entrance into the capital city:

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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:37PM) : The Americans are basically forcing the Indians to become civilized or they'll soon die out.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:11PM) : they only forced them but if they resisted they were killed
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 2:08PM) : Once they took control, Mexico had no choice but to give in to American ways.
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Feb 5
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 05 2021 3:13AM) : America raided Mexico with force and had an enormous army overwhelming power
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:27PM) : america raided mexico with armies and froces much more superior
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Our march into the city .. . was extremely warlike, with drawn sabres, and daggers in every look. … As the American flag was raised, and the cannon boomed its glorious national salute from the hill, the pent-up emotions of many of the women could be suppressed no longer … as the wail of grief arose above the din of our horses’ tread, and reached our ears from the depth of the gloomy-looking buildings on every hand.

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Feb 4
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 04 2021 1:55PM) : They did not care that they were destroying what the people in that city had worked on and instead, raised their flag.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:13PM) : It is like saying that it is a flag in a foreign land.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:11PM) : They had marched into the city with American flags
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 4:57AM) : This is disgusting as they place a an American flag silencing the pain of the Mexicans.
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Jun 2
Guadalupe A Guadalupe A (Jun 02 2021 1:51PM) : They didn’t care that they were destroying what people in the city had worked on
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That was in August. In December, Mexicans in Taos, New Mexico, rebelled against American rule. As a report to Washington put it, “many of the most influential persons in the northern part of this territory were engaged in the rebellion.” The revolt was put down, and arrests were made. But many of the rebels fled, and carried on sporadic attacks, killing a number of Americans, then hiding in the mountains. The American army pursued, and in a final desperate battle, in which 600 to 700 rebels were engaged, 150 were killed, and it seemed the rebellion was now over.

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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:42PM) : I think the Mexicans rebelled against the Americans due to the anger they felt about what they did to their country.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:14PM) : They did what was necessary to defend their nation from the invaders.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 2:39PM) : Not a lot of people wanted this for the Mexicans so there were groups of who didn't allow this; many lives were lost but they continued to fight.
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Feb 5
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 05 2021 3:16AM) : Mexicans were tired of being ruled over and continued to fight knowing the ratio gap between power
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:34PM) : i agree with you mexicans were tired of being ruled
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Feb 12
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 12 2021 3:22PM) : Many Mexicans rebelled against their rule but it was quickly put down and many were arrested.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:31AM) : The Mexicans had begun to rebel but they were quickly silenced.
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In Los Angeles, too, there was a revolt. Mexicans forced the American garrison there to surrender in September 1846. The United States did not retake Los Angeles until January, after a bloody battle.

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Feb 4
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 04 2021 1:58PM) : The U.S. did not give up after they had to surrender to the U.S. and instead had another battle to get what they wanted.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:14PM) : more war more lands.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 11:00PM) : I wonder why Mexico kept trying.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:12PM) : Mexico tried to tell America to stand down but didn't listen
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:33AM) : What game the Mexicans the will to keep fighting even though there was little hope to be found for them.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:01AM) : The US kept taking land even if they didn't get it the first time they kept trying.
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General Taylor had moved across the Rio Grande, occupied Matamoros, and now moved southward through Mexico. But his volunteers became more unruly on Mexican territory. Mexican villages were pillaged by drunken troops. Cases of rape began to multiply.

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Feb 5
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 05 2021 3:27AM) : Knowing this is just disturbing, nobody should go through this amount of terror and pain especially when they had no threat to the Americans
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 11:04PM) : It made me so mad to know that the Mexican villages had to through so much abuse and just kept getting worst.
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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:44PM) : I find that horrifying, those victims had no fault to be abused.
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Feb 11
Alejandro M Alejandro M (Feb 11 2021 5:14PM) : completely agree.
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Feb 11
Evelin R Evelin R (Feb 11 2021 11:02PM) : I also agree.

As the soldiers moved up the Rio Grande to Camargo, the heat became unbearable, the water impure, and sickness grew-diarrhea, dysentery, and other maladies-until a thousand were dead. At first the dead were buried to the sounds of the “Dead March” played by a military hand. Then the number of dead was too great, and formal military funerals ceased. Southward to Monterey and another battle, where men and horses died in agony, and one officer described the ground as “slippery with . . . foam and blood.”

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Feb 4
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 04 2021 2:02PM) : The only way the U.S. knew how to get what they want was through violence and again, they caused many people to die because of the fact that they didn't stop until what they wanted was finally theirs.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:08AM) : I agree with you all they do is harm to get what they want it's sickening. They keep doing it till they get what they want.
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Feb 4
Emily V Emily V (Feb 04 2021 2:48PM) : Many people suffered. Soldiers would go inot Mexiacn territory an attack Mexican villages. As the soldiers left they were prone to many disease that were deadly.
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:13PM) : People were getting sick from the heat
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:34PM) : hey caused many people to die because of the fact that they didn't stop until what they wanted was finally theirs.
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The U.S. Navy bombarded Veracruz in the indiscriminate killing of civilians. One of the navy’s shells hit the post office, another a surgical hospital. In two days, 1,300 shells were fired into the city, until it surrendered. A reporter for the New Orleans Delta wrote: “The Mexicans variously estimate their loss at from 500 to 1000 killed and wounded, but all agree that the loss among the soldiery is comparatively small and the destruction among the women and children is very great.”

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Feb 5
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 05 2021 3:21AM) : With the amount of terror the kids and women have experienced, I can't imagine the amount of grief they'll have after the war
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Feb 3
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 03 2021 6:48PM) : I think it is sad that the women and children went through such violence and bombarding. I'm pretty sure many children were left traumatized.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:37AM) : I agree, that was the most messed up part of this, this may have led a seed of hate towards the Americans in many.

Colonel Hitchcock, coming into the city, wrote: “I shall never forget the horrible fire of our mortars … going with dreadful certainty often in the center of private dwellings- it was awful. I shudder to think of it.” Still, Hitchcock, the dutiful soldier, wrote for General Scott “a sort of address to the Mexican people” which was then printed in English and Spanish by the tens of thousands saying “. . . we have not a particle of ill-will towards you-we treat you with all civility-we are not in fact your enemies; we do not plunder your people or insult your women or your religion … we are here for no earthly purpose except the hope of obtaining a peace.”

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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:04PM) : During the war, many Mexican soldiers were shown no mercy by the American soldiers. Many were wounded and killed.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:40AM) : This doesn't make sense to me, it sounds like he is speaking for his nation but that does not sound like what they are really doing when they are killing children and women in a conquest for domination.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:12AM) : It horrible to hear that the Americans showed no mercy and killed.
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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 1:43PM) : Hitchcock said all these things, yet the US still did many horrible things to the Mexicans during the war.

It was a war of the American elite against the Mexican elite, each side exhorting, using, killing its own population as well as the other. The Mexican commander Santa Anna had crushed rebellion after rebellion, his troops also raping and plundering after victory. When Colonel Hitchcock and General Winfield Scott moved into Santa Anna’s estate, they found its walls full of ornate paintings. But half his army was dead or wounded.

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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 1:46PM) : This is surprising because it shows how violent the war got that both teams were even killing people on their side.
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Feb 11
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 11 2021 12:54AM) : Mexico and America were identical, but one was raiding the other
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Feb 11
Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:18PM) : During the war, Americans and Mexicans were killing each other population.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:34PM) : mexico and america were the saem but didnt see it
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Feb 4
Ritchy V Ritchy V (Feb 04 2021 2:12PM) : I think this statement means that the best from the American side and the best from the Mexican side were going head to head destroying anything in their way even if it meant killing their own people.
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Feb 4
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 04 2021 1:43PM) : I think neither side's actions can be justified. They could've celebrated differently their victories.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:19AM) : I agree with you it's sickening to hear about the things each side did.
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General Winfield Scott moved toward the last battle-for Mexico City-with 10,0000 soldiers. They were not anxious for battle. Three days’ march from Mexico City, at Jalapa, seven of his eleven regiments evaporated, their enlistment times up, the reality of battle and disease too much for them.

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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:05PM) : Both sides were brutal, even diseases were spread during this time.
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On the outskirts of Mexico City, at Churubusco, Mexican and American armies clashed for three hours and thousands died on both sides. Among the Mexicans taken prisoner were sixty-nine U.S. army deserters.

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Feb 4
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 04 2021 1:46PM) : I wonder what happened to the dead bodies. Were they just left on the ground because it seems like many people lost their lives?
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:20AM) : It's most likely the bodies were left there but as well as taken to get buried.
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Feb 11
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 11 2021 12:55AM) : I wonder how was the smell after a day or two after the battle?
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:35PM) : me too i wonder how it was like crazy or minor
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:46AM) : I wonder how many in died on either side and how the weapons of both sides could be compared.
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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 1:50PM) : This is shocking to me that thousands of people died in just a matter of 3 hours.
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As often in war, battles were fought without point. After one such engagement near Mexico City, with terrible casualties, a marine lieutenant blamed General Scott: “He had originated it in error and caused it to be fought, with inadequate forces, for an object that had no existence.”

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Sofia M Sofia M (Feb 11 2021 2:19PM) : At this point they fought in the war for nothing
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In the final battle for Mexico City, Anglo-American troops took the height of Chapultepec and entered the city of 200,000 people, General Santa Anna having moved northward. This was September 1847. A Mexican merchant wrote to a friend about the bombardment of the city: “In some cases whole blocks were destroyed and a great number of men, women and children killed and wounded.”

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Feb 4
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 04 2021 1:49PM) : I think at this point they were just fighting against each other since they didn't like each other since it says there was no motive for the battles since they were fought without a point now. They were just creating more violence.
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Feb 11
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 11 2021 12:58AM) : it seems that they were blinded by hate and war
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:36PM) : i agree with you they didnt have a open mind
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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:06PM) : Sometimes they even fought for no reason, this harmed many local people.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:49AM) : I believe there needed to be war laws that would prevent such chaos against women and innocent children.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:23AM) : How disturbing that the Americans didn't care about the Mexicans harming innocent lives.
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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 1:54PM) : This is very tragic how the cities were attacked and destroyed and it must've been hard to get the city back to how it was before.

General Santa Anna fled to Huamantla, where another battle was fought, and he had to flee again. An infantry lieutenant wrote to his parents what happened after an officer named Walker was killed in battle:

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General Lane … told us to “avenge the death of the gallant Walker”… Grog shops were broken open first, and then, maddened with liquor, every species of outrage was committed. Old women and girls were stripped of their clothing-and many suffered still greater outrages. Men were shot by dozens … their property, churches, stores and dwelling houses ransacked… It made me for the first time ashamed of my country.

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Feb 10
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 10 2021 1:40PM) : I truly do wonder what the parents of this soldier thought? Did they think their son exaggerated or were they shocked by such things?
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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 2:00PM) : I think this proves just how terrible the things the US did were, that even the army infantry from there was ashamed of his own country.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:26AM) : I agree because no one should see these horrors. I am surprised this is the first time they were ashamed of their country.
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Feb 11
Manuel C Manuel C (Feb 11 2021 1:20AM) : He should be ashamed but it should also help him realize the high expectations you have for someone or something is just as great of disappointment when you find out for who they truly are or what their true intentions could be.
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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:07PM) : This is evident that the people who were involved during the war were harmed in a merciless way.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:36PM) : just as great of disappointment when you find out for who they truly are or what their true intentions could be.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:53AM) : How do people do this? It so wrong, its going beyond orders that are being given to the soldiers with rape and the other wrongs that were being committed.
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One Pennsylvania volunteer, stationed at Matamoros late in the war, wrote:

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We are under very strict discipline here. Some of our officers are very good men but the balance of them are very tyrannical and brutal toward the men… [T]onight on drill an officer laid a soldier’s skull open with his sword.. .. But the time may come and that soon when officers and men will stand on equal footing. … A soldier’s life is very disgusting.

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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:55AM) : The life of a soldier sounds like one that not many would be able to endure.
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Feb 10
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 10 2021 1:44PM) : It's disturbing to even imagine seeing all the deaths and assaults and on top of that, the soldiers were still mistreated by some of their officers.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 5:28AM) : I agree this is disturbing to hear about. The soldiers were fighting alongside America but were being harmed too.

On the night of August 15, 1847, volunteer regiments from Virginia, Mississippi, and North Carolina rebelled in northern Mexico against Colonel Robert Treat Paine. Paine killed a mutineer, but two of his lieutenants refused to help him quell the mutiny. The rebels were ultimately exonerated in an attempt to keep the peace.

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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 4:57AM) : why didn't they try and help to "quell the mutiny".
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Desertion grew. In March 1847 the army reported over a thousand deserters. The total number of deserters during the war was 9,207: 5,331 regulars, 3,876 volunteers. Those who did not desert became harder and harder to manage. General Gushing referred to sixty-five such men in the 1st Regiment of the Massachusetts Infantry as “incorrigibly mutinous and insubordinate.”

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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 2:05PM) : I think there were many people leaving the army because of how violent and hard it got to fight in battles or maybe they had realized it wasn't right.
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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:09PM) : I learned that many of the soldiers finally realized that the destruction of that war was unnecessary, so they left.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 11:24PM) : I agree it makes sense why they would leave due to the destruction and chaos.
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Feb 11
Juan V Juan V (Feb 11 2021 3:36PM) : many soliders left becasue they saw how useless the war was
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Feb 10
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 10 2021 1:49PM) : It's not surprising to see that many soldiers left their duty after all the consent fighting and else they had to do. They were probably just tired of it all.
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The glory of the victory was for the President and the generals, not the deserters, the dead, the wounded. The Massachusetts Volunteers had started with 630 men. They came home with 300 dead, mostly from disease, and at the reception dinner on their return their commander, General Gushing, was hissed by his men.

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Feb 10
Nicole G Nicole G (Feb 10 2021 2:11PM) : It is hard to believe that out of all the volunteers, almost half were dead, but it's also not surprising, based on the fact that conditions got so bad.
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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 5:00AM) : In my eyes it almost seems like the lives lost to disease were pointless since they did not die in battle as if their lives had no meaning in the end.
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As the veterans returned home, speculators immediately showed up to buy the land warrants given by the government. Many of the soldiers, desperate for money, sold their 160 acres for less than $50.

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Feb 10
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 10 2021 4:35PM) : Earlier on weren't the soldiers offered money to enlist in the war?
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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:15PM) : I learned that many of the soldiers would abandon their positions and there would only be a few volunteers.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 11:28PM) : This is angering as they fought in the war to provide for their homes and only to be left with nothing.
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Mexico surrendered. There were calls among Americans to take all of Mexico. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed February 1848, just took half. The Texas boundary was set at the Rio Grande; New Mexico and California were ceded. The United States paid Mexico $15 million, which led the Whig Intelligencer to conclude that “we take nothing by conquest…. Thank God.”

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Feb 17
Allen A Allen A (Feb 17 2021 5:02AM) : I wonder what would have happened if we decided to take all of mexico?
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Feb 10
Yamile B Yamile B (Feb 10 2021 4:43PM) : Of course Mexico surrendered they were exhaustedly defeated from constant war. They were already in the drains before the war started as well.
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Feb 22
Vivianne L Vivianne L (Feb 22 2021 11:29PM) : I agree it would only make sense for them to surrendered they already lost so much.
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Feb 11
Emily V Emily V (Feb 11 2021 2:25PM) : I learned that Mexico had surrendered because they were already in deep poverty so they didn't want to continue.

DMU Timestamp: November 12, 2020 20:50

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