Assia Wevill is the dark lady of the Plath/Hughes agon. As Yehuda Koren and Eilat Negev put it in "Lover of Unreason" (Carroll & Graf, 268 pages, $27.95), "Assia was reduced to the role of a she-devil and an enchantress, the woman alleged to have severed the union of twentieth-century poetry's most celebrated couple."
When Sylvia Plath and Assia first met, they liked each other. Assia, a part-Jewish refugee from Hitler's Germany, bore, in Plath's words, her "passport on her face." She had lived the suffering that Sylvia had imagined in poems like "Daddy." Plath was happy that Assia and her husband David, a fine poet, would occupy the flat she and Ted were relinquishing to pursue their passion for poetry and for each other in the Devon countryside.
Then the Wevills were invited to Devon, and the world went terribly wrong. Later Ted Hughes would accuse Assia of being the "dark destructive force that destroyed Sylvia." Several biographers say Assia boasted to friends she was putting on her war paint to seduce Ted Hughes. She was on her third marriage and had a reputation as a femme fatale.
But what exactly happened in Devon is hard to say. Even Olwyn Hughes, a staunch defender of her brother, could tell Anne Stevenson (commissioned by the Hughes Estate to write "Bitter Fame: A Life of Sylvia Plath" [1989]), no more than what Assia told Olywn: There had been a "sexual current" between Assia and Ted that enraged Sylvia. In "Rough Magic: A Biography of Sylvia Plath" (1991), Paul Alexander reports: "Strong-will and determined, Assia — apparently — made the first move with Ted." Diane Middlebrook in "Her Husband: Hughes and Plath — A Marriage" (2003) follows a similar line, suggesting Assia had Ted "under a spell."
And yet Elaine Feinstein's "Ted Hughes: The Life of a Poet" (2001) presents evidence that confirms the story in "Lover of Unreason": Ted Hughes was "a sexual stalker by nature" and no longer enraptured with Sylvia, who had become a housewife and mother — a "hag," as he called her in one of their arguments after the Wevill visit to Devon. According to Ms. Feinstein, Hughes eventually tired of Assia too because, in the words of William Congreve's "Way of the World," she had begun to "dwindle into a wife."
Whatever the alluring Assia did or did not do during that fateful rendezvous in Devon, she became the vessel of Ted Hughes's desire to shuck off his domestic duties and seek some haven where he could recapture his poetic spirit. Assia did not make it easy for Hughes, since she still cared a great deal for David Wevill and continued to live with him off and on. Meanwhile, Hughes attempted to square himself with his disapproving parents and settle on some kind of domestic routine with the two young children Plath had been careful not to gas when she took her life on February 11, 1963.
But if Assia was slow to forsake David — as David has made clear to several biographers — she could not have been simply the she-devil enchantress of legend. Perhaps the most telling part of "Lover of Unreason" concerns Hughes's search for a home that he and Assia could share. A man who had never previously had trouble making up his mind about where to live, Hughes repeatedly found fault with the houses he and Assia inspected. Indeed, he led her on, for during this house-hunting period he had several other women on the side — it was Hughes's practice to create the conditions that provoked women to leave him.
No biographer would be willing to state that Ted Hughes was a very bad man, for to do so is to invite the biography to be read as an indictment. Ms. Feinstein feels the need to mitigate Hughes's appalling behavior — destroying some of Plath's work, essentially erasing the record of Assia's important role in his life, and in so many ways attempting to control the telling not only of his biography but those of Plath and Wevill. To Ms. Feinstein, Hughes had a "granite endurance" to go on writing after so many tragedies. Of his cover-ups, she suggests he took the "harsh road of a survivor." Yehuda Kore and Eilat Negev are careful not to condemn him, but they eschew such rationalizations.
The worst of it is that on March 23, 1969, Assia Wevill took not only her life but also that of her 4-year-old daughter by Hughes. As her biographers show, such acts are not uncommon among single mothers in their 40s who are so disturbed at the horrible nature of the world that they cannot imagine a better one for their offspring. Except for a few periods and poems of self-blame, Hughes never could confront his culpable role in the lives of Plath and Wevill; instead, he issued his apologia in the form of a poetry collection, "Birthday Letters" (1998). So it is fortunate indeed to have "Lover of Unreason," an impressively researched and well-told biography that will occasion, I believe, yet another rewriting of the Plath/ Hughes agon.
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I think that the ‘unreason’ stands to define all of their actions. It describes Assia’s obliviousness to the situation, Hughes’ thoughtless and inconsiderate behavior, and Sylvia’s inability to see the truth. With that, Assia became both the bad guy and the victim, Sylvia focused her energy on destroying the wrong aspect of her life, instead of ending her marriage, and Hughes’ continued into oblivion, both denying to himself the consequences of his actions and losing his child. All of those were unreasonable yet only 2 out of 3 could dare use ‘love’ as an excuse.
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According to Merriam-Webster dictionary agony is the struggle that precedes death. It is the perfect word to describe suffering, torturing love between Plath and Hughes, that pushed Sylvia to suicide.
In Shakespeare’s Dark Lady sonnets, the dark lady enters a poet’s life and becomes an object of his enduring desire. But soon her darkness becomes so black, the poet could no longer bear.
Beautiful, strong-willed Assia immediately captured Hughes’s attention, but in the sunlight her spell disappeared.
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I am glad you caught that Shakespeare reference, I also thought that “dark lady” was a referral to Shakespeare.
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With no knowledge of the Shakespearean reference, at face value the title “dark lady” in relation with the word “agon” makes entire situation far more dramatic. In my opinion, the term “dark lady” carries a supernatural connotation and thus makes entire scene seem larger than life.
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The term “dark lady” stands to depict both a mysterious and alluring illustration of Assia. She was not only portrayed as maleficent, but also captivating. Agon was also used to show just how dramatic and intense the situation was. The reviewer is trying to dip into the style of twentieth-century poetry.
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This quote does a nice job of setting up points that are made later on in the review. It foreshadows and already paves the way for the femme fatale comment.
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To answer fully, read “Daddy”
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Two women who both killed themselves in the similar way because of one man, could probably relate to each other on the deep dark level.
In ‘Daddy’ Sylvia Plath’s female character suffered a lot, imagined being Jewish hating her powerful Nazi father,the vampire husband who drank blood out of her for many years.
And later Sylvia meets her own fictional character, a Jewish woman who managed to escape Germany. If they really did like each other when first met, it is easy to understand why.
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The juxtaposition is meant to highlight the irony in their meeting. Every author writes so that their words come to life. And Plath’s “Daddy” came through in human form when she saw Assia. She’d been the almost poster child for her writing. I would imagine why this would be exciting for Plath. Not only would she see her writing come to life, but she might also find inspiration for more poetry.
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Femme Fatal means Fatal Woman in french. This describes a woman who is of a mysterious background, using charm, sexuality and lust to use men for her own needs. Femme Fatals usually are conscienceless and fierce. Assia being considered a Femme Fatale means when she wants something, nothing will get in her way, she will use all weapons to approach her goals, never minding breaking hearts or friendships along the way.
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In major film noirs, such as “Double Indemnity” (1944), the main female character would be a femme fatale. In “Double Indemnity,” one of the most popular American film noirs, the femme fatale seduces a man to kill her current husband and inherit his life insurance. Classic femme fatale!
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To piggyback off Irina, femme fatale is used here to paint a very specific character of Assia. The term immediately invokes the image of a seductress who uses her charisma and looks to ensnare the object of her affections. It leaves little room for doubt or questioning regarding Assia’s temperament.
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It could apply to Assia in regards to her background. She came from another country and more than likely had completely different life experiences. This kind of foreign quality to her could be perceived as exotic.
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Her exoticism can also be attributed to her unique personality. These rare qualities are difficult to explain, and much more visible in person. Hence the use of exotic, which creates this mysterious person, with rare abilities.
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The term femme fatale comes from the female character type that appears in several film noir. The character type in question is usually the woman role who either directly or indirectly causes the main protagonist many problems through out the plot.
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The term Femme fatale which loosely translates to “disastrous woman,” fits in with how Assia’s being portrayed. You see this right from the beginning, Assia’s being described as a she-devil enchantress who has Hughes under her spell. Assia’s was also on her third marriage, that adds more weight to her reputation.
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Although femme fatale is fitting given the description of Hughes obsession with Assia, the term further absolves him of his responsibility in the disintegration of his marriage and the eventual suicides of both these women!
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Femme Fatale, as it sounds, is French for ‘Fatal Woman’. Although it isn’t a literal term, it implies that the woman sets out to ruin relationships or lives. She has the power to seduce, to charm, and to get away with metaphorical murder. It is used here because Assia is described as being the one to ruin Sylvia as well as her relationship.
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“The world went terribly wrong” (5) is a cliche that sets up the turning point for the relationships among the characters. It is not clear at all what exactly happened in Devon, which I assume is the point, but we do have a introduction into the elusive character of Assia.
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Other Plath’s biographers mentioned demonstrate the thorough approach towards this review. It states that it is very hard to say what exactly happened in Devon, but tries to bring facts from three different sources suggesting the same idea – there was a strong sexual attraction between Assia and Ted Hughes. These same sources say that Assia was the one who made the first move. It makes information look more reliable.
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Context is one of the key elements of an effective review according to Mcleese.
The reviewer broadens the topic of the way Ted Hughes was perceived in his lifetime by bringing up voices and opinions of other known biographers.
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It constitutes authority, that research has been done, and although it is hard to say what happened for sure, it is a good sign that the story line goes down to a few possibilities of what really happened. Again, the more facts the better to convince the audience that the book is a reliable source or not.
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Through the use of description, by listing and analyzing different Plath biographers, the reviewer is not only establishing authority but is also creating a starting point which all can agree. Bringing in factual, concrete sources such as Olwyn Hughes it makes it easier for the reviewer when transitioning into the arguments.
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By mentioning other Plath biographers, the authors establish their authority. It also serves as evidence to further validate the situation between Wevill and Hughes, thus lifting it from myth to stone-cold fact.
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Referencing other material not only gives the reader background information, but also asserts the reviewers credibility. It can be deduced that she is well-read and knowledgeable on the topic she is writing about.
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The reviewer is trying to make it apparent that he has done his research and is well-informed on the people he is writing about. However, by having such a large chunk where he simply drops quotes from these other texts, he clutters his writing and distracts the reader.
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My point was that the material is excessive, and not wholly necessary.
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I think these two terms don’t exclude one another. He could be a sexual stalker, but he still was deeply impressed by Assia at that moment of his life.
It is very difficult to judge what exactly happens in private life, only those two knew.
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Assia, if so to say “dwindling into a wife”, is loosing her first position she had. Maybe the interest of her seduction, became an interest to her heart, when Hughs wanted something he didn’t already have (he sounds like a jerk :c ).
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I think Assia’s power fades upon the presence of Hughes being a sexual stalker. He is not looking for love, he is looking for passion and lust. This puts Assia into a position of dwelling, because after trying to abolish his relationship with Plath playing the role of a femme fatale, she falls for him herself. A femme fatal does not love, so she slowly emerges into another woman role for Hughes.
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I think, men and women even if they want the same, pursue their goals in different ways. Femme fatale is not there to stalk, she provokes with her intelligence, looks,charm.
It also seems like Assia didn’t need the attention of many other men, bright handsome poet Hughes became everything for her. But he kept on looking for other muses once got bored. And this is why I think, sexual stalker and femme fatale are not the same.
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If Hughes was a sexual stalker the idea of Assia being a femme fatale is immediately called into question.
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Yes I think it’s possible for a sexual stalked to stalk a femme fatale. However, I still think if Hughes was a sexual stalker then it’s only natural to then question whether Assia was truly a femme fatale or not. On the other hand it could just be a case of both parties mutually pursuing the other.
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Anyone described as either a femme fatale or a sexual stalker takes on a dark connotation, which in turn makes them appear to be somewhat villainous.
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Yes, Assia being referred to as femme fatale is put into question after discovering that Hughes may be a sexual stalker. Seems to me Hughes is a womanizer. In a way, Assia being called a femme fatale seems relatively minor compared to Hughes’s deep-rooted issues such as calling his wife a “hag,” having commitment issues and having several other women on the side aside from Assia. Oh yeah! he now has sexual stalker to add on to his list.
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The term sexual stalker puts things a bit more into perspective. It takes a bit of the blame of off Assia as some sort of demon enchantress and cast a more honest view of what kind of man Hughes actually was.
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I think the idea that Hughes might have had an active part in his relationship with Assia. If Hughes is seen as a “sexual Stalker” it makes Assia seem less as a femme fatale whose purpose is to disrupt his marriage and more of an object of Hughes’ insatiable desire.
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If Hughes was the “sexual stalker” he is labeled as, it completely discredits the idea of Assia being a femme fatale. Naturally, the allure of Assia would be exaggerated. He would view ‘the other woman’ in ways that he no longer saw his wife, and perhaps used her as a way of denying his own feelings. It is easier to cast the blame on the charming young woman that has captured your attention than to admit your loyalty is wavering. And we see that “Hughes eventually tired of Assia too” and that supports the idea that he was only in it for the chase and the sexual appeal. The femme fatale would possibly not allow for herself to “dwindle into a wife”. Once one catches the prize, it is no longer appreciated. He most likely only desired her because he could not have her. And perhaps, after he did, he began to see her for who she really is, just another woman.
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Assia becoming his ‘vessel’ reveals her magnetic, enchanting side. But it says more about Hughes to me than about her, he needed a place to escape from domestic routine. He seems like was awaiting for a ‘dark lady’ to connect with himself.
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This description deconstructs Assia. She seems like an object of affection, not necessarily a person.
This is especially interesting since the next paragraph immediately starts talking about her emotions.
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The word “vessel” removes human characteristic from Assia Weevill. She simply becomes a conduit for Ted Hughes’ poetic and carnal energies; a portal into an artistic side he believed he could not reach with Plath anymore.
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I couldn’t agree more, I think to him she was just an object of entertainment to take his mind off of things like his shaky marriage.
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The word “vessel” does not imply any actual emotion or feelings attached to the human in question. It simply implies that Assia was, quite literally, an object of his affection. She was not an equal. Nor was she loved. He played cat and mouse and used her to fulfill his desires amidst his boring life.
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It doesn’t change my view of Assia. Her beauty and strength instantly attracted Ted Hughes, but the flame didn’t last long.It seems from these biographic facts that he simply was looking for something to inspire him, and his love faded slowly as he watched his muses turn into housewives.
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But don’t you feel sorry for Assia? That she also became of victim of his devilish allure? That she became just another “hag”, constitutes Hughs unjustified manner of changing women every other time he thinks she’s not a femme fatale. but an ordinary housewife.
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Assia played with fire,got burnt, but couldn’t find the way out.
Both, Assia and Sylvia, were the victims of a wretched time. To be a woman, especially a talented writer, was hard to fit in the conventional housewife frame.
Anne Sexton, another confessional poet as Plath, ended her life in the similar way.‘A woman like that is misunderstood.
I have been her kind.’ These lines from Sexton poem were a destiny of many women of the 20 th century.
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It does shift the responsibility from Assia to Hughes. If not her, there would have been another striking exotic woman to take away the boredom.
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My view of Assia doesn’t change in this paragraph. Being sympathetic to Assia’s background from the beginning, this paragraph only cements my view of her.
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Assia still contributes to the break up of Hughes and Plath’s marriage, because she “enchanted” Hughes. At the same time once you analyze Hughes behavior patterns, you begin to see how broken the marriage is because he’s restless and unhappy. Not entertained and enraptured with Sylvia he moves on to Assia who he later gets tired of. If it wasn’t Assia whom he had an interest in, it would have easily been another woman. So Assia isn’t entirely to blame.
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Despite Ted Hughes’ inability to keep a stable relationship, it does not change the fact that Assia was very much interested in having an affair with him.
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I never quite viewed Assia as a ‘femme fatale’ because it is easy to see that, in convoluted situations like these, there are different sides to a story. Assia was unfortunately just another woman who fell under HIS spell and was led on by his charm and empty promises. Although Sylvia never saw it that way, Assia was blinded by love and she was not the one to blame. Her husbands indiscretions were his fault alone.
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The reviewer has a habit of constructing careful characterizations of the individuals he explores in this love triangle. This last sentence has a hard impact on the reader – the word “practice” to normalize the actions of Hughes, the word “provoked” to denote the severity with which he performs these actions.
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I love this statement. It is bold and really gets the opinion across well.
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A biography is written with a purpose to help understand the person,like combining different pieces into puzzle to see the whole picture. Not to accuse a person of a crime, nor leading on readers to believe he is guilty.
It is a horrible tragedy what happened in that fatal love triangle, and he had to live knowing that women who were very important to him, both killed themselves.
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The purpose of a biography isn’t to make judgements. It is supposed to inform readers. Let the readers make judgements for themselves.
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No matter the subject of the biographer, readers should be allowed to form their own opinions. It is the job of the biographer to report, not to criticize. Criticizing a subject of a biography is just as bad as taking advantage of a source. The investigative and reporting process should not be obtrusive.
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I may be misinterpreting the question, but I believe the reviewer is suggesting that a review be as objective as possible in order to show all sides of the story and not belittle Hughes or his literary achievements. However, I disagree with her inability to condemn his actions. Many people get away with such cruel intentions and insane justifications for their behavior, and it’s not fair that they be treated differently based on literary merit. I believe it would be refreshing to read an indictment of a literary man and his indiscretions, as that would be the truly objective observation.
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These two words describing Hughes work so well when put in this context. It not only shows Hughes ruthlessness, also his ability to keep going amid chaos.
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To me it doesn’t throw the reader off. Usually (at least I do) the reader likes to look for positive things. By starting with the positive, then moving to the negative, it gives the reader a better feel for things. No one usually wants to read a review that is all negative thoughts.
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How is the intrusion of Assia into Hughs and Plaths life positive? Especially that it ended with suicide?
Also I do not think that death can be a negative thing from the reviewer, it is just how it is, since the reviewer did not write the bibliography…
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After tragic events stated above, to start a paragraph with the worst yet to come, reviewer puts the finger on a trigger. It is like a bomb in slow motion that finally explodes and has a more powerful impact on readers.
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This is the big punch at the end. What we thought might have been a femme fatale was just another woman teased and played with, with nowhere to go finding hope in only suicide. This creates a more engaging scenario for the reader too, not knowing right away all the nuances of this story.
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To piggyback off of what you said Irina,
Saving the worst of it for the end of the review was an unexpected ending. Like what you said, the reader was led to easily believe that Assia, as the Femme Fatale, was going to be “last one standing” so to speak. I did not think that she would fall victim to Hughes, but that Hughes would fall victim to her. The format used to tell the story was like you said, engaging for the reader.
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Well, a longer review gives the writer a chance to give the entire back round of the subjects he is writing about. He is able to summarize the story in length. The reader can create a view as they start reading the piece, and therefore able to see how the subjects evolve over time and the readers view is able to evolve as well.
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It’s very easy to paint Wevill as a femme fatale, but having accounts of the dynamics, which may or may not be accurate, allows the reader to better question the veracity of statements.
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Longer reviews often allow the reviewer to dive deeper into the plot of whatever they are reviewing in an effective way, connecting the reader to its general idea. The reader learns more and gains a better understanding of the reviewer’s characterization behind a character in a novel, show or film. With that, a reviewer is capable of going through the ups and downs of that character, shortly telling their life story, such as the case with Assia Wevill. Basically, there’s more space to tell the character’s story.
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Having a longer review allows for a deeper and more detailed description giving the readers a clearer picture of the story, stronger context, a richer interpretation and more support in the evaluation. Aside from elaborating on the elements, a longer review can show different angles and perspectives. In the beginning of the review Assia was being introduced as a seductress and as the story unfolded, the truth about Hughes unravels and Plath.
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The review comes to a dramatic and screeching halt as it is revealed that Assia took her own life as well as her child’s. Not only that but it allows readers to follow the story along as it happened and come to their own conclusions. He started by building Assia’s character from a preconception, led us into the true reason she stuck around, revealed Hughes character, and then explained the tragic ending to this ‘love’ story. In that, she may have slyly implied that Hughes, always having justified his actions, needed to apologize for being the catalyst to such a tragedy.
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If this forum were a court of law the reviewer would be held in contempt.
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I feel like the reviewer is sympathetic with all three,Sylvia, Assia and Ted Hughes. It was mentioned in the review, that no biographer would call him a very bad man. Sylvia attempted several suicide attempts before she ever met him, Assia suffered enough as a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany. Ted Hughes could be the reason of their deaths, but not the cause.
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