Chang, Natalie, Clayton Henry, Marcelo Maiolo, “The Massacre of Black Wall Street.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 2019, https://www.theatlantic.com/sponsored/hbo-2019/the-massacre-of-black-wall-street/3217/.
In 1921, about 11,000 Black residents lived in the neighborhood of Greenwood, north of the Frisco railroad tracks in Tulsa. It was self-contained and self-sufficient: Black-owned grocery stores, banks, libraries, hotels, movie theatres, and more lined the neighborhood’s main thoroughfare, Greenwood Avenue.
It was a thriving commercial district. And as much as it could be, it was also a safe space.
This is true as well:
In the period from 1911 to 1921, 23 Black Oklahomans were lynched by White mobs. As part of the Jim Crow South, Tulsa was highly segregated, its Black voters suppressed and Black residents scapegoated. A sense of frontier lawlessness lingered across the state: In Tulsa, a vigilante group calling themselves the Knights of Liberty had for years been ambushing and forcibly exiling anyone they considered a radical. In 1920, a mob of hundreds of White Tulsans stormed the county courthouse to take a White prisoner into their own hands; they lynched him that night, facing almost no interference from the police.
In the following days, Tulsa’s police chief called the lynching “of real benefit to Tulsa and the vicinity.”
Greenwood residents knew this to be true:
If the Tulsa police were not going to protect White residents, no one was going to protect Black Tulsans.
The events depicted below, to the knowledge of historians and survivors, are all true. They comprise one of the worst instances of mass racial violence in American history. Keep reading after the graphics to learn more about what happened next.
The Watchmen series on HBO opens with a scene set in 20th-century Tulsa. It’s based on real history—and we’ve depicted it in more detail below. Dialogue is based on primary accounts of the events.
The KKK was putting down roots throughout the city. Mob justice was on the rise. Lynchings were common. And the police were often nowhere to be found.
On the morning of May 30th, a few seconds in a building in downtown Tulsa brought all of those tensions to a head. Two teenagers — a black shoeshiner named Dick Rowland, and a White elevator operator named Sarah Page — crossed paths in an elevator.
May 31st. The day everything went up in flames.
Dr. Scott Ellsworth is a professor of Afroamerican and African Studies at the University of Michigan and author of Death in a Promised Land, the first comprehensive history of the Tulsa massacre. He was also one of the lead scholars for the Tulsa Race Riot Commission and a key player in the battle to secure reparations for survivors. According to him, the lasting trauma of the massacre is also intrinsically tied to the silencing of survivors.
“For 50 years, the story was actively suppressed in Tulsa, and it was deliberately kept out of the White newspapers. The people who brought it up were threatened with their jobs; they were threatened with their lives,” he says. The story of the massacre indicts White America, which is why it was buried for so long. Without the perseverance and openness of the survivors of the riot, he says, there would be no mainstream acknowledgment of what happened in 1921.
“Many Tulsans are just happy people are talking about [the massacre] at all,” adds Dr. Alicia Odewale, assistant professor of anthropology at the University of Tulsa. Odewale is currently working on a research project called Mapping Historical Trauma in Tulsa from 1921-2021 that reanalyzes historical evidence to visualize what happened to Greenwood during the massacre and in the years that followed it. “Ninety-eight years later, almost all of the massacre survivors have passed on, and it’s up to their descendants and the people left alive today to carry on their legacy.”
As of 2019, the city of Tulsa has yet to award reparations to the families of survivors and victims of the massacre. “The total estimated financial loss, taking into account the destruction of both private residential property and property in the business district would be about $50-100 million in today’s currency,” Odewale says. The neighborhood, in addition to being subjected to the on-the-ground assault, was bombed from above by planes carrying White assailants.
As an added insult, it took almost a full century for the search for the mass graves of victims to begin in earnest; they are currently ongoing. “If we discover the remains of victims, are able to identify them, and if those people are reburied with honors, that will be a huge moment for the city,” says Ellsworth. But it’ll be a moment for the country, too.
“White people remember history differently than African Americans do, and the reality is that we have one common history. There’s only one American history, and until we are able to confront the bad parts as well as the good parts, we’re never going to be on the same page on how we view the country, its promises, its problems,” Ellsworth says. “We still have a lot of work to do in Tulsa. There is no question. There is still a lot of hurt and anger over this.”
The hurt remains in part because of what happened after the fires burned out. In the days that followed the massacre, insurance companies refused to reimburse the damage done to Greenwood, since “riots” were not covered. As a result, in the weeks that followed the massacre, many of Tulsa’s Black residents were forced to languish in the makeshift holding areas they’d been taken to that night, or leave the city—and the community that they’d built—altogether.
“The accumulation of a massive amount of wealth and the loss of income that would have been earned, had Greenwood been allowed to thrive undisturbed, is almost incalculable,” says Odewale. “But just as important are the things that can’t be quantified, such as the loss of the sense of safety in their own city, the loss of trust in city officials, law enforcement, and in some cases, in people altogether.”
This isn’t to say that Greenwood was defeated. Over the next couple years, almost every destroyed home was rebuilt; in 1925, the National Negro Business League hosted its annual conference in the neighborhood, signaling the revival of Greenwood as a hub for Black business and entrepreneurship. The following decades brought commerce and culture back onto Greenwood Ave, and more recently, the city has made commercial investments into revitalizing the area.
But for many long-time Greenwood residents, revitalization is not reconciliation. In fact, revitalization can often be a codeword for gentrification that prices and pushes out community institutions, especially those owned by Black residents. At its worst, it might be a form of erasure. Some sources have theorized that the massacre was a calculated attempt by the city to seize the land, one that has taken on a new, contemporary form. “Modern-day gentrification and urban renewal projects, more commonly referred to in North Tulsa as ‘urban removal,’ continue to try to gobble up what is left of Greenwood,” Odewale says, adding that those “renewal” efforts aren’t targeted to who they should be. “The equality indicators released by the City of Tulsa every year continue to demonstrate that North Tulsans and South Tulsans are living completely different lives in what seems like two different cities…. Unfortunately, Black citizens in North Tulsa fall to the bottom of every metric.”
It took 80 years for the city to release an official report on the massacre, which recommended multiple forms of restitution, including financial reparations for survivors and their families. Calls for those reparations have been dismissed at multiple levels of the justice system, including the U.S. Supreme Court.
“I’m not sure any amount of money or social services, offered 98 years later, can make up for [the massacre],” Odewale says. “I’m in awe of how resilient the North Tulsa community continues to be, as efforts to rebuild and revitalize the Greenwood district have been ongoing since 1921. But at the very least, in my opinion, we need to have a serious plan for reparations, free housing and business support for descendant families, Greenwood business grants, college tuition scholarships for young students in North Tulsa…and a serious effort to close the median income gap between White and Black families in Tulsa.”
Odewale’s incisive perspective on the ways racial traumas of the past evolve and take form in the present is prescient for an entire country rife with incidents of White-on-Black violence, like the city-wide riots in Detroit in 1943, which mostly took its toll on Paradise Valley, a Black neighborhood. It helps illuminate truths about the relationships between segregation and law enforcement, land loss and land robbery, gentrification and history.
What should Greenwood and Tulsa look like today? We might start to answer that question by seeing what it looked like in the spring of 1921.
Sources:
The Tulsa Race Riot and Three of Its Victims, by B.C. Franklin
Black Wall Street: The African American Haven That Burned and Then Rose From the Ashes, by Victor Luckerson
Death in a Promised Land: The Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, by Scott Ellsworth
Tulsa Race Riot: A Report by the Oklahoma Commission to Study the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921
‘They Was Killing Black People’ , by DeNeen L. Brown
University of Tulsa Archival Catalog: Tulsa Race Riot
Tulsa Historical Society & Museum
Tulsa, 1921: Reporting a Massacre, by Randy Krehbiel
Black Wall Street: From Riot to Renaissance in Tulsa’s Historic Greenwood District, by Hannibal Johnson
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why did the white rioters destroyed the beacon of the black prosperity
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why are they so many people 300 people is way to many people to be killing, then your them homeless with no food home or nowhere to be warm or to live
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I agree it was not that serious for to it go that far as destroying black people community
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why did the white rioters destroy the beacon of black prosperity
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They should of found proof that he really did it instead of letting go this far
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but why? for no reason at all. nobody was harming them or their families in any way. the black community should’ve been able to grow their businesses and thrive just like everyone else.
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To understand the context of this text, it’s essential to examine three crucial sentences:
1. “In 1921, White rioters destroyed a beacon of Black prosperity and security.”
2. “American history during this time [was marked by] race massacres.”
3. “A beacon of Black prosperity and security” refers to a thriving community known for its economic success.
These sentences collectively allude to a pivotal event in American history—namely, the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921. Here’s why each sentence is important:
1. The first sentence specifies the year 1921, which is important because it places the event within the broader historical context of the post-World War I era, a time of economic, social, and racial tension in the United States.
Background Info: The Tulsa Race Massacre occurred from May 31 to June 1, 1921, in the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma, often referred to as “Black Wall Street” because it was one of the wealthiest Black communities in the United States at the time. The massacre was one of the deadliest episodes of racial violence in American history.
2. The sentence about race massacres highlights the prevalence of racial violence during this period. Post-war America experienced a rise in such violence, often spurred by deep-seated racism, economic competition, and widespread white supremacist ideologies.
Background Info: The early 20th century, and especially the period after World War I, was marred by a series of race riots and massacres across the United States. This era is sometimes referred to as the “Red Summer” of 1919, marked by numerous race riots in more than 30 cities across the country.
3. The mention of the “beacon of Black prosperity and security” underscores the fact that the Tulsa community was a rare example of Black financial independence and success in an era of severe racial oppression and segregation under Jim Crow laws.
Background Info: The Greenwood District was home to a highly successful African American community, with thriving businesses, schools, and churches. The destruction of this community during the massacre included the loss of over 1,000 homes and numerous businesses, and the death toll is estimated to be in the hundreds.
To understand this period more deeply, relevant resources might include books such as “The Burning: Massacre, Destruction, and the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921” by Tim Madigan, or “Black Wall Street: From Riot to Renaissance in Tulsa’s Historic Greenwood District” by Hannibal B. Johnson. Additionally, the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture provides online resources about the Tulsa Race Massacre and the historical context of such events.
Now, with this background knowledge, I invite you to reflect on the historical significance of the Tulsa Race Massacre. Consider how the destruction of an affluent Black community might have broader implications for race relations in America, both then and now. Upon re-reading the text, you may discover new layers of meaning in understanding the challenges and resiliency of Black Americans in the early 20th century. If more insights occur to you, please feel free to share them in reply.
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Why are there so many people there? 300 people is far too many to be murdering, and on top of that, you have them living in squalor, without a place to eat, sleep, or be warm.
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This is simply because they will also believe the white person before they do the black man. Even if it wasn’t true they still would’ve went this far.
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Because all of this should not went as far of everybody suffering over something he didn’t even do
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the people took the woman words over the man that was accused for the so called act he committed towards the woman.Tulsa just didn’t like Greenwood so they took ever chance they could to take every thing from them
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Its a wealthy area, you can tell by the way people are dresses and the surrounding.
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I feel like greenwood was a safe place for black people. It was a good neighborhood. Everybody was didn’t have to worry about anything
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Why do things like hurting people have go so far because a white woman lied on a black man they should of looked in to it more
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I find this interesting because they destroyed a community and then later they still didn’t pay for what they destroyed. I wonder if this was a white community that was destroyed would they have paid them? Or maybe they wouldn’t even have done this to white people because during segregation white people were always put in the upper class and African-Americans were put in the lower class. So for them to be successful African-Americans in the upper class they got jealous and wanted to destroy the thriving black community and knew that they wouldn’t have to repay or be held accountable because of the racism.
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its crazy how they did a lot of damged and didnt pay or rebuild it
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who is writing this? Why did they hate us this bad? Black people had everything that the whites. We was living lavish.So when one thing went wrong involving`with a black and white person. that was the chance for the whites to end every last bit of anything black people had
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This makes me think about the book Magic City by Jewell Parker Rhodes when Samuel was on the train. I wonder if it was this train or a different one? And was this train a segregated train?
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This makes me connect back to when the Dawes Act of 1887 authorized the government to divide tribal territories into allotments for individual Native Americans, which included Black members. And it was said that it was a safe place for African-Americans to go to and that is why many African-Americans went there and build more than 50 Black townships in Oklahoma. So it being a safe place was really what drew African-Americans to go to the land and build all the businesses.
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his is a very complex issue and it can easily overwhelm someone when they try to comprehend the full depth of the situation. It is like trying to weigh the difficulty of a long-distance marathon – the amount of exhaustion and uncertainties looming ahead can be quite overwhelming. For Blacks in America, this has been a marathon of sorts, with hateful violence, oppressive laws, and unequal institutions stretching out for hundreds of years, and the lack of justice and recognition these situations brought to bear year after year taking its toll on the community. While certain strides towards progress have been made, it is as if the starting gun of the marathon has yet to sound and the course continues its long stretch ahead. The tragedy of the matter is that many in the Black community have had to run this race with their lives, only to be killed along the path for no other reason than their race. This is unacceptable and requires us to work together and strive towards a new and equitable outcome for everyone.
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they are keeping things from us that we deserve to know.
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Is black voter suppression still taking place today? Or are some blacks just not interested in voting because they think the system is rigged against them?
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I think that black voter suppression is still taking place today because they know how raicst the system is and know how much they are against them. Of course, more African-American people vote more compared to the 1900s but I think some African-Americans don’t want to act like it is equality when the system is still against them and don’t want to see them win.
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I don’t think it’s rigged, I just think they’re keeping something from us. But either way no matter we vote, either or are usually racist towards black people in someway.
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I am actually surprised the lynched one of their own people.
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i think if people can stand up for each other they don’t need the police to protect them.
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when they say that they weren’t going to protect black Tulsans that sounds pretty bad because why would they not want to be protected if they are people also.
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if nobody was there to see it. Why take it into your own hands?
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This all happened just because a white woman wanna lie on peoples names.
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They could’ve been trying to reach a broader audience by connecting with people who have shorter attention spans or trouble focusing on just the words for a long period of time. The colorful pictures brings more attention to it.
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The Greenwood District was such a place for African Americans. Despite the oppressive Jim Crow laws of the time, which enforced racial segregation, this area became a symbol of black entrepreneurial spirit and self-reliance. The wealth generated in this enclave led to the comparison with the prosperity of Wall Street in New York, the financial capital of the world. Hence, the moniker “Black Wall Street” resonated as a powerful testament to what the black community in Tulsa had built.
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Including the area around them.
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It’s nice to see black people doing well for themselves yet other people don’t seem to always feel the same way.
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This area was many dominated by Black people.
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When white people of Tulsa envied Black people, it could have been because the Black community of Greenwood had created a self-sufficient enclave that prospered financially and culturally despite the systemic racism and legal oppression of the time.
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I think the same thing! There are a lot times where cops witness abuse against black people but are willing to turn the other way to let the abuse keep happening.
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This statement is very true cops do witness things that white people do that are bad and just not care because they are white.
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A lot of the times its a black person getting abused or hurt or just anything bad in general happening to a black person most cops just don’t care and leave. Even if its a white doing harm to a black.
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I think she overreacted because all he did was step on her toe by mistake, she did not have to do all that screaming.
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This where everything just turns left and just went bad . A black man named rowland was in a elevator with a white Women, we dont know what really happen.We only know based off what the lady said to the police officers.
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That makes me think it was less of what she said and more of what that guy said. He most likely had something to do with it. Either way it also shows how even though those men were sexist and didn’t care to listen to woman they would if it helped them harm a black person. They have always divided minorities for their own benefit.
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the police didn’t even give him a chance to explain his self that’s every unfear.
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Page could have change her story because police didn’t find it a very pressing matter.
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As a female, I think another woman falsely accusing someone of something so horrific is so disgusting. It can ruin the lives of many people.
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Not him telling the police his name was that!!!!!!! Also why did his parents name him that!!!
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In my reading group today with Jasir, Tysherah, and Zyiar, we talked about how the media can sometimes increase racial tensions with their coverage.
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It’s disappointing that they didn’t even give the black guy a chance to explain anything, they just believes the white girl even when she had 0 Proof Of Behind anything she said.
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In our group, we also talked about how the Rich business class folks would manipulate the working class folks,
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Yeah, i agree maybe if the woman didn’t lie and the white people understood the situation more the black male wouldn’t get arrested
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White people love the thought of a black man/woman doing something bad because it gives them a reason to lash out.
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I feel like they have no obligated reason to lynch him if he didn’t do anything to her but obvisouly they think he did it
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When propaganda began to spread the threatening words soon became actions.
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Every white person is about what happen to the white women.Every one is angry but it’s like why should they when they didnt even know what happen in the elevator,only the two who was in the elevator
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they didn’t bother questioning they just assume because she was white n he was black.
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Its good that they had planned out a way to get back at the white people better than just rushing in and shooting, fighting, and blowing up things
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All black people heard about what was happening to Rowland and knew it wasnt true.So they went where the whites was to stop it all
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i can see why they thought this was the right thing to do but then again this could all had been avoided if the woman wasn’t racist and lied
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As they should! Even though they aint about that murdering others for the color of they skin life which is why the race war ended in them losing. The other side had the intention to kill, while they only had the intention to get be respected more.
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i think this whole situation could’ve been handled differently instead of going straight to violence
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Anytime African (Americans) tried to rebel against white people it sometimes (if not always) ended in death. This was a brave thing for the residents to do and I believe it always take someone strong to “take matters into their own hands”
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They were definitely ready for anything, it took a lot of power to go to the courthouse and stand up for their people despite the government not protecting them because of racism. So, the only people that can protect is your community. I honestly think they were tired and fed up and wanted something to change. So, they decided they were done seeing them get lynched and wanted to fight but they did not know that one of the most horrible events in history would happen. I honestly think the white mobs wanted to destroy their businesses and see them suffer and knew nothing would happen to them because of the racist system. I am also glad that came together as a whole group and fought against the white mobs. They were brave but also ready and prepared for anything that was going to try and stop them!
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When you know people envy you, it’s always best to be prepared for those who may come for what you have. Especially if you know the type of person they could be.
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Even though they are probably outmanned and outgunned they still boldly went into the fire anyway. So much courage.
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they’re never going to be pleased from the way they be taking matters into there own hands and just start doing the killing because they don’t wanna stop the lynching even if a black man doesn’t do anything wrong
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We also talked about how this black character in this comic panel reminded us of Uncle Ruckus Boondocks. We wondered why the illustrator chose to depict this character in this manner.
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Why would he grab the guys gun? He wasn’t even using it.
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That’s his fault fr like why would he try and touch another man’s gun that was like trying to touch his privates back then. Disrespectful.
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In our group, we noted that the character in the right with the mustache reminded us of the dictator Hitler of Germany. We wondered was it a coincidence that this character whom we assumed to be one of the white racists in the mob, resembled a noted historical figure who was responsible for killing lots of Jews.
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i feel like this whole situation is unfair because if he wasn’t black this will be played out differently
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they only killed these people off of what they saw and what they heard the chaos just started happening and they just started to kill anyone that was black that they’ve seen
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This is interesting to me because it shows how mass incarceration has been going on for years and started back then and started to build up. So they locked up the black men and then they decided to do the riot? I wonder why they wanted to lock up some instead of leaving them there while they did that?
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all of the property will be hard to get back. it takes a lot of money to rebuild homes,building,stores.
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They haters!
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they did all this because a white woman lied about what a black man did to her and they had been waiting to do this.
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This goes to show all the rage they had build up. Even if what happened was true it shouldn’t end up like this. If one person does something bad, why are so many other people hurt for their own sin?
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This is interesting because usually African-Americans are doing riots today and are held accountable but the white mobs burned down a whole community and weren’t held accountable, the community wasn’t even allowed to be rebuilt, the survivors weren’t paid, and they tried to keep it hidden from the world.
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I find this interesting because this shows how jealous they were to see a thriving successful black community. This also makes me connect this to economic conditions, how African-Americans got the economy stolen from them. How now today white people are put in the upper class and African-American people are put in the lower class. When really African-American community was in the upper class but it was stolen from them.
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This is interesting because some people were saying that African-Americans just complain because they are not rich and that they don’t want to work to be successful but this shows that they did work hard and their hard work got stolen from them by the white mobs destroying their community. I genuinely feel like you can still be successful without being rich without a doubt!
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Wow! So even though African-Americans had their community burned down they were still going to rebuild it! This shows persistence and beyond courage! They could have easily given up and let the white people make them move somewhere else but they were willing to rebuild it!
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I don’t think personally the night that the massacre had happened it should’ve been buried all those people that are the reasoning for this happened should’ve had every part of involvment in the massacre no matter what they decided to go to these peoples territory and just kill them over something they saw
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Just like the TRUTH
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I find this very interesting because it makes us connect it to the world when an African-American is murdered by a white mob or police and it gets kept hidden and no justice is served then it be hard to bring justice later and it makes white people keep murdering and treating African-Americans terrible. That’s why it kept happening generations later since the start of slavery because they made it “normal”. By not doing anything the first time and just keeping it under the tuck and making it okay for other white people to do it.
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This connects back to how African-Americans today fight for their rights by protesting and how African-Americans do whatever it takes to get justice for their people. This shows how we as black people keep fighting until justice is served! This also realtes back to THUG reading of when Starr stated while standing in front of the protesters and stated that they will proetsting until the police show they care about justice for black people.This shows how African-American people fight for the wrong that is happening to their people and how even an individual Dr.Scott Ellsworth can be powerful!
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This shows me how horrific the riot was because it made the survivors not even want to talk about it because it caused so much trauma. I can only imagine how hard it was for them to get the courage to talk about this terrible event.
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It was definitely hard for them and at the time, if we put into consideration what it was like back then with racism and etc, we could see why they would want to go silent mode for the better.
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Your telling me that the people of Tulsa put more energy into keeping the massive amounts of death out of the news paper but they but 0 effort into finding out what actually happened to that woman or find an actual way to fix the problem that’s just crazy and there always talking about change
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This makes me think about what they tried to do to Emmett Tiil, they knew that what they did was horrible and that it would shock the world so they didn’t want the world to know what they did so they tried to cover it up by trying to bury his body in Mississippi like he never existed and here they are trying to hide what the white mobs did to Black Wall Street. I don’t get it,they do these terrible things and expect it to be kept a secret and hidden as if it never existed or matter. But in reality it is our history and it matters more than people think!
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This is interesting to me because first they were trying to keep them from building and now they are trying to hide it… It’s like they are trying to make all their rights and freedom is gone.
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why are they keeping what happened out the newspaper? i feel like this is so wrong because white people caused this riot and don’t want more people to know about it. or you could say they don’t want this story to get out.
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there are a lot of things white people during this time wouldn’t want out because they know people will question them
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This awful tragedy was swept under a mat, for no one to see. This is purposely not shown in newspapers because the white people wanted to still seem like the good guys.
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This is intersting becasue it shows how white people are scared of African-Americans. They are not just scared of their skin color but also the voice and what we can do with our knowledge, this why this leads me back to slavery when they tried to stop African-Americans from learning how to read and write and this also takes me back to how some slaves started to learn. Did other slaves have connections and help them?
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First I want to say that if there were no survivors nobody really would have even knew about Black Wall Street. I also had questions about how many survivors there were and how many out of the survivors told what happened. I saw the lady tell what happen but here it says survivor(s). I also wanted to know were the white mobs still alive when the survivors were and if so how did they react when they saw them speak out about it and were they ones that were trying to it keep hidden or was it the sheriff and government?
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there will have to be a lot of money put into rebuilding everything, and everyone is trying to make the spirit better to this town after what happened
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This is upsetting that they still aren’t trying to pay for what they did. They went through the trauma of the riot and they can’t even reward their families. Sickening.
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The destruction of the neighborhood that they built is genuinely heartbreaking. Most of the things that were done to African Americans went “unseen” and “unannounced” and this is just one of the many things that happened.
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I find this interesting because maybe it’s because white people were given more opportunities and the experiences of African-Americans and white people are totally different, African-Americans have more terrible experiences, especially in history.
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Why do you think they refuse to take accountability? After all the years of trauma and even today, the white privilege still exists.
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This makes me connect to how people try to story tell the brutal American history, the lies built upon America are what should be the history of it, not just what went well. There were good things that happened but what comes with the good things also has to come with the truth of the brutality that was done.
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I can only imagine their hurt and anger. To not only have your community burned down but not be able to rebuild it and be forced to leave… It is definitely a lot of hurt and anger and this wouldn’t have happened if racism wasn’t a thing.
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This is interesting because even though white mobs tried to destroy them, they still manage to rebuild and make commercial investments! This shows how strong and committed African-Americans are!
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everyone is trying to leave the past in the past but it can’t be forgotten that easily.
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Wow, so it took them this many years just for it to be recognized in the world! Just because they see it is wrong now doesn’t mean this fixes anything that was done to Tulsa!
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I agree, how can you take so long to put the event out there and expect that to be enough… And for everything to be fixed because there is a lot more to be done!
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very interesting
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This was long overdue. Most of the people that lived there are either dead or in a whole different state.
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This makes me connect back to the economic condition of how white is put in the upper class and get paid more and African-Americans are put in the lower class and get paid less. This leads me back to opportunities that are given to them. But something defiantly needs to be done about repaying the Tulsans for what the white mobs did, they need to put more effort into it!
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Tulsa should resemble what it looks like before the disaster. It should’ve remained from the previous years. It’s a shame they weren’t compensated for the tragedy.
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General Document Comments 0
It seems like Greenwood had a lot of positive things going on for herself. Where in Philadelphia can we find black-owned groceries stores, banks, hotels, theaters located within black communities? Did integration hurt or help black businesses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_hGNksmKDE
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I think integration hurts black businesses because I think that black people are not supporting each other as much as they used to. I don’t see a lot of black businesses in black neighborhoods. Maybe segregation made it more for them to support each other and be a push for each other but now today that made has hurt them and they aren’t supporting each other as much. Maybe this event hurt them and now that may be why we don’t see as many black businesses in black communities.
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he was running because if you see a black man and a white lady together they always thought the black man was going to harass or do something bad to her
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